Malnutrition risk, outcomes, and costs among older adults undergoing elective surgical procedures: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: We examine here the association between malnutrition risk and adverse health outcomes among older adult patients undergoing elective surgical procedures.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study using linked clinical and administrative databases. Malnutrition risk was assessed prior to surgery, defined by unintentional weight loss and decreased food intake.

Association Between Handover of Anesthesia Care and Adverse Postoperative Outcomes Among Patients Undergoing Major Surgery.

Importance: Handing over the care of a patient from one anesthesiologist to another occurs during some surgeries and might increase the risk of adverse outcomes.

Objective: To assess whether complete handover of intraoperative anesthesia care is associated with higher likelihood of mortality or major complications compared with no handover of care.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A retrospective population-based cohort study (April 1, 2009-March 31, 2015 set in the Canadian province of Ontario) of adult patients aged 18 years and older undergoing major surgeries expected to last at least 2 hours and requiring a hospital stay of at least 1 night.

Monocyte hyporesponsiveness and Toll-like receptor expression profiles in coronary artery bypass grafting and its clinical implications for postoperative inflammatory response and pneumonia: An observational cohort study.

Background: Cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass has a major impact on the congenital immune response, in which Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the first line of defence. Decreased surface expression of TLRs and impaired monocyte responsiveness to TLR ligands occur following surgery. However, the clinical implications of this altered immune response are not clear.

Temporal changes of soluble ST2 after cardiovascular interventions.

Background: Soluble ST2 (sST2), a member of the IL-1 receptor family, has been proposed as a novel biomarker with predictive value for heart failure and mortality in patients suffering from cardiovascular diseases. The influence of clinical characteristics on variability of sST2 levels is relatively unexplored. Here, we studied the effect of cardiovascular interventions and clinical characteristics on plasma sST2 expression levels.

Cardioprotective effects of perioperative β-blockade in vascular surgery patients: fact or fiction?

Purpose Of Review: Perioperative β-blockade remains a subject of debate. In this review, recent literature and current guidelines for perioperative β-blockade in vascular surgery patients are discussed.

Recent Findings: Available evidence suggests that perioperative β-blockade may be beneficial in reducing cardiac events.

Toll-like receptor 2 and 4 response and expression on monocytes decrease rapidly in patients undergoing arterial surgery and are related to preoperative smoking.

Previously, we have shown that small arterial trauma is accompanied by a decreased capability of both toll-like receptors (TLRs) 2 and 4 to respond to stimulation with their respective ligands Pam3Cys and LPS. In this study, we assessed whether surgical arterial trauma induces a decrease in the TLR response and investigated the time course of the altered responsiveness. In addition, TLR responsiveness was related to baseline patient characteristics.