50 years with Down syndrome: A longitudinal study.

Background: A population sample of people with Down syndrome, studied from infancy, has now been followed up at the age of 50 years. From the original sample of 54, there were 27 still in the study at the age of 50, all but four of the losses resulting from deaths.

Methods: Intelligence and language skills were tested and daily living skills assessed.

'I was just so different': The experiences of women diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder in adulthood in relation to gender and social relationships.

Existing literature exploring autism spectrum disorders within female populations predominantly utilises quantitative methodology. A limited number of small-scale, qualitative studies have explored the experiences of adolescent girls with autism spectrum disorder, but adult women have remained largely unheard. This study aims to broaden the stories told within autobiographical literature and empower those within the wider community of women with autism spectrum disorder.

Ageing and dementia in a longitudinal study of a cohort with Down syndrome.

Background: A population sample of people with Down syndrome has been studied from infancy and has now been followed up again at age 47 years.

Methods: Intelligence and language skills were tested and daily living skills assessed. Memory/cognitive deterioration was examined using two test instruments.

Sildenafil citrate 100 mg starting dose in men with erectile dysfunction in an international, double-blind, placebo-controlled study: effect on the sexual experience and reducing feelings of anxiety about the next intercourse attempt.

Introduction: Sildenafil citrate 50 mg is the recommended starting dose for men with erectile dysfunction (ED); however, most men are later titrated to sildenafil 100 mg for improved efficacy.

Aim: Assess the tolerability and efficacy of sildenafil initiated at the 100-mg dose in men with ED.

Methods: Men with ED (score < or =25 on the Erectile Function domain of the International Index of Erectile Function) who had received < or =6 total doses of a phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor and none within 4 weeks were randomized to 8 weeks of double-blind, placebo-controlled (DBPC), fixed-dose treatment (50 or 100 mg sildenafil or placebo) followed by 4 weeks of open-label flexible-dose sildenafil (50 or 100 mg).

Does training improve understanding of core concepts in cognitive behaviour therapy by people with intellectual disabilities? A randomized experiment.

Background: People with intellectual disabilities (ID) experience similar or even higher rates of mental health problems than the general population and there is a need to develop appropriate treatments. Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) is effective for a wide range of disorders in the general population. However, there is some evidence that people with ID may lack the cognitive skills needed to take part in CBT.

Quality of erections in men treated with flexible-dose sildenafil for erectile dysfunction: multicenter trial with a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase and an open-label phase.

Introduction: Erectile dysfunction (ED) impacts erection hardness and compromises quality of life.

Aim: Assess erection hardness and its correlation with sexual function, emotional well-being, and satisfaction (erection quality, intercourse, sex life, sexual relationship, and treatment).

Methods: Men with ED were randomized to double-blind, flexible-dose sildenafil (25, 50, or 100 mg) or placebo (6 weeks) with open-label extension (6 weeks).

Development and validation of the quality of erection questionnaire.

Introduction: There are no psychometrically validated assessment tools designed to solely and specifically evaluate satisfaction with the quality of erections.

Aim: To develop and psychometrically analyze the Quality of Erection Questionnaire (QEQ), a new patient-reported measure developed to evaluate men's satisfaction with the quality of their erections.

Methods: The questionnaire was developed through in-depth qualitative interviews of men with erectile dysfunction (ED) in the United States and Australia.

Quality of erection questionnaire correlates: change in erection quality with erectile function, hardness, and psychosocial measures in men treated with sildenafil for erectile dysfunction.

Introduction: The validated Quality of Erection Questionnaire (QEQ) is a six-question, patient-reported outcome measure for comprehensively evaluating satisfaction with the quality of erections in terms of hardness, onset, and duration, which can be used to develop and monitor individualized treatment goals.

Aims: To further validate the QEQ by determining responsiveness/sensitivity to change in erectile function, erection hardness grade, and psychosocial outcomes in men treated with sildenafil for erectile dysfunction (ED).

Methods: This open-label, noncomparative, multicenter trial of sildenafil (50 or 100 mg as needed for 10 weeks) enrolled men with ED who were in a stable, sexual relationship for at least 6 months.

Impact of erectile dysfunction on confidence, self-esteem and relationship satisfaction after 9 months of sildenafil citrate treatment.

Purpose: The first double-blind, placebo controlled trial in the United States of the Self-Esteem And Relationship questionnaire revealed that treatment with sildenafil citrate improves erectile function and measures of quality of life in men with erectile dysfunction. We investigated long-term improvement, and correlations between improved erectile function and confidence, self-esteem and sexual relationship satisfaction in men with erectile dysfunction.

Materials And Methods: This was a 36-week open label extension of the double-blind, placebo controlled trial.

Challenging behaviour and learning disabilities: the relationship between expressed emotion and staff attributions.

Objectives: Expressed emotion (EE) and attributions towards challenging behaviour (CB) were explored amongst a group of staff working within a residential and day service placement for people with learning disabilities.

Design: Using a cross-sectional related-samples design, EE and attributions were measured amongst all staff working with one client with CB, and one client without CB.

Methods: Fifteen staff members completed the attributional questionnaire and the 5-minute speech sample (FMSS) to allow for EE ratings concerning staff relationships with two clients.