Presumptive drug screening enables timely procurement of search and arrest warrants and represents a crucial first step in crime scene analysis. Screening also reduces the burden on forensic laboratories which often face insurmountable backlogs. In most scenarios, on-site presumptive drug screening relies on chemical field tests for initial identification.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Caffeine has been studied as a potentiating agent in chemotherapy against some types of cancer, but there are few reports on its effects on melanoma. This study aimed to investigate caffeine's ability to enhance the effects of dacarbazine in vitro.
Materials And Methods: Murine melanoma B16F10 cells were treated 24 h with 1-40 µM caffeine.
Pesticides present in water resources can cause adverse health effects even in low concentrations, due to their bio-accumulative character. Therefore, the challenge for drinking water production increases, due to the limitations of conventional water treatment technologies in the removal of small molecular weight dissolved compounds. This work aimed to provide technical and scientific support for the selection of pulverized activated carbon - PACs, granular activated carbon - GACs, and carbon nanotubes - CNT concerning atrazine - ATZ, simazine - SMZ, and diuron - DIU adsorption for application in water treatment plants, considering two forms of application commercial product - CP and analytical standard - SD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBreast cancer is the second most common malignancy among women. Ilex paraguariensis A. St.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGrapes are considered to be a major source of phenolic compounds as compared with other fruits. To improve the quality of table grapes, some techniques like thinning can be used. In addition, grape cultivars with distinct characteristics are directly linked to its phenolic profile.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe objective of this study was to evaluate the combination of physical and chemical pretreatments of wheat bran (WB) and oat hulls (OH) to obtain fermentable sugars and a residual solid fraction with increased susceptibility to enzymatic hydrolysis. High-pressure steam in an autoclave and ultrasonication were employed as pretreatments, and for both processes, WB and OH were treated with sulfuric acid (HSO), neutral medium (HO) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH). Autoclave high-pressure steam in an acid medium was the most effective for the release of sugars (total sugars, xylose and glucose) from liquid hydrolysates and for the modification of the residual solid fraction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomed Chromatogr
January 2019
Depression is the largest cause of disability worldwide, affecting 350 million people. Notwithstanding that clinical trials demonstrate antidepressants efficacy, the efficient response can vary individually concerning therapeutic dosage. Although important, plasma levels monitoring remains an analytical challenge whereas clean-up and pre-concentration represent critical steps.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomed Pharmacother
February 2018
Leishmania (L.) amazonensis is the American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis-causing agents, and the available drugs for this disease present toxicity, low efficiency and difficulty of administration. Plants belong23ing to the Caryocar genus are found in Brazilian Cerrado, where fruits are used as food and in folk medicine, and previous studies showed several biological effects of extracts of this plant.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiuron is one of the most widely herbicide used worldwide, which can undergo degradation producing three primary metabolites: 3,4-dichlorophenylurea, 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methylurea, and 3,4-dichloroaniline. Since the persistence of diuron and its by-products in ecosystems involves risk of toxicity to environment and human health, a reliable quantitative method for simultaneous monitoring of these compounds is required. Hence, a simple method without preconcentration step was validated for quantitation of diuron and its main metabolites by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurosci Lett
March 2016
There is evidence that immune-inflammatory, stress of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (IO&NS) processes play a role in the neurodegenerative processes observed in Parkinson's disease (PD). The aim of the present study was to investigate peripheral IO&NS biomarkers in PD. We included 56 healthy individuals and 56 PD patients divided in two groups: early PD stage and late PD stage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLeishmania amazonensis (L. amazonensis) infection can cause severe local and diffuse injuries in humans, a condition clinically known as American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL). Currently, the therapeutic approach for ACL is based on Glucantime, which shows high toxicity and poor effectiveness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExp Parasitol
August 2014
The discovery of new treatments for neglected diseases, including leishmaniasis, is a substantial challenge for scientific research. Plant extracts have shown potential in the selective treatment of tropical diseases. The present study evaluated the in vitro and in vivo antileishmania effects of a sesquiterpene lactone-rich dichloromethane fraction (DF) obtained from the aerial parts of Tanacetum parthenium (L.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe hybrid grape cultivar Isabel (V. vinifera x V. labrusca) accounts for about 50% of Brazilian grape production.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe detection of impurities in coffee samples already roasted and ground is a constant concern mainly in order to verify the incidence of frauds. Carbohydrates contents are important as variations on original constitutes of different matrixes may be able to reveal the final composition of the product. In this sense, a study is performed in this paper in order to evaluate the quality through concentration of total carbohydrates in Arabic roasted and ground coffee.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Breast cancer is one of the most common neoplasms in women and is a leading cause of cancer related deaths worldwide. Chemokines and their receptors are involved in the control of lymphocyte traffic, a critical component of systemic immunity. CXCR4 mRNA could be involved in the development of variety of diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA simple, rapid, and low-cost coulometric method for direct detection of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) in water samples using anion-exchange chromatography and coulometric detection with copper electrode is presented. Under optimized conditions, the limits of detection (LODs) (S/N=3) were 0.038microgml(-1) for glyphosate and 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNutrition
June 2008
Objective: To evaluate the hypolipemic and antioxidant effects of soy and green tea alone and/or in association in dyslipidemic subjects.
Methods: One hundred dyslipidemic individuals were allocated into four groups. The soy group ingested 50 g of soy (kinako) daily, and the green tea group ingested 3 g of green tea in 500 mL of water per day.
A simple, rapid, and low-cost coulometric method for direct detection of glyphosate using hydrophilic interaction chromatography is presented. The principle of detection is based on the enhancement of the anodic current of copper microelectrode in the presence of complexing agents, such as glyphosate, with the formation of a soluble Cu(II) complex. Under optimized conditions, the limit of detection (S/R=3) for glyphosate was 0.
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