The role of exfoliative cytology in diagnosis of oral lesions.

Objectives: The study aimed to evaluate the use of oral exfoliative cytology and highlight its limited effectiveness in diagnosing oral diseases.

Materials And Methods: A total of 1000 consecutive cases of oral cytology were retrieved from the files of an Oral Pathology Service, comprising the period between January 2002 and December 2022. Patient data and clinical details of the lesions were collected, and all slides were reviewed.

Novel Epigenetic Modifiers of Histones Presenting Potent Inhibitory Effects on Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma Stemness and Invasive Properties.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a rare neoplasm known for its indolent clinical course, risk of perineural invasion, and late onset of distant metastasis. Due to the scarcity of samples and the tumor's rarity, progress in developing effective treatments has been historically limited. To tackle this issue, a high-throughput screening of epigenetic drugs was conducted to identify compounds capable of disrupting the invasive properties of the tumor and its cancer stem cells (CSCs).

Bilateral lipomatous hamartoma of the tongue: A case report in a child with oral-facial-digital syndrome type VI.

A hamartoma is a benign proliferation of typical mature cells specific to a particular anatomical site. In the oral cavity, they may occur as isolated cases or be associated with genetic syndromes. Oral-facial-digital syndrome type VI is a rare genetic disorder with an estimated incidence of one in 50,000-250,000 newborns.

Secretory carcinoma of the salivary gland is rich in lactoferrin: a possible lactational-like differentiation?

Purpose: It has been hypothesised that secretory carcinoma of the salivary gland (SCsg) might have a lactational-like differentiation. Therefore, we aimed to assess the immunoexpression of breast hormonal receptors and milk-related proteins in cases of SCsg and other salivary gland tumours with prominent secretory activity.

Methods: Immunohistochemistry against prolactin and growth hormone receptors, lactoferrin, human milk fat globule 1, MUC 1 and MUC4 was performed in twelve cases of SCsg and 47 other salivary gland tumours.

A buccal mucosa ulcer as the first sign of tuberculosis.

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused mostly by . Oral lesions caused by this disease are not common, and most of them represent secondary involvement of the initial pulmonary focus. Therefore, the discovery of lung tuberculosis because of the investigation of oral lesions is rare.

Oral lymphatic malformations: A multicenter study of 208 cases and literature review.

Background: To evaluate the frequency and analyze demographic and clinical characteristics of individuals with a histopathological diagnosis of oral lymphatic malformations (OLMs).

Methods: A multicenter study was performed, collecting biopsy record data from a consortium of Brazilian Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Centers. A review was also conducted to compare this data with cases already available in the literature.

Histopathological findings and immunohistochemical expression of the stem cell markers CD44, ALDH1, Bmi-1, and Nanog in oral solitary fibrous tumors.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the histomorphologic presentation and the expression of stem cell-related markers in a series of oral solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs).

Study Design: Histopathological variables and the expression of the standard stem cell markers CD34 and CD99, used for SFT diagnosis, as well as STAT6 were evaluated in 13 oral SFTs. The expression of the cancer stem cell markers CD44, ALDH1, Bmi-1, and Nanog and the tumor suppressor gene p16 were also investigated.

Periodontal tissues are targets for Sars-Cov-2: a post-mortem study.

The ability of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 to spread is one of the determinants of the COVID-19 pandemic status. Until June 2020, global COVID-19 cases surpassed 10 million. Asymptomatic patients, with no respiratory impairment, are believed to be responsible for more than 80% of the transmission.

Histopathologic aspects of the so-called chronic hyperplastic candidiasis: An analysis of 36 cases.

Background: The present study aimed to analyze the histopathologic aspects of cases diagnosed as chronic hyperplastic candidiasis (CHC) in an oral pathology service, pointing out the most important features found.

Methods: All cases histopathologically diagnosed as CHC between 2002 and 2018 were retrieved from the files of the service. Data of the patients and the lesions were collected.

Expression of upstream and downstream targets of mTOR pathway in seven cases of secretory carcinoma of salivary gland origin.

Purpose: To investigate the expression of upstream and downstream targets of mTOR signalling pathway in the secretory carcinoma of salivary gland origin (SCsg).

Methods: Seven cases of secretory carcinoma diagnosed by a combination of immunohistochemistry and/or molecular testing were retrieved from our pathology files. For comparison purposes, 27 other salivary carcinomas were selected.

Hyaline ring granuloma of the mouth-A foreign-body reaction that dentists should be aware of: Critical review of literature and histochemical/immunohistochemical study of a new case.

Hyaline ring granuloma (HRG) is a rare and atypical foreign-body granulomatous chronic inflammatory condition. Our aim was to make a critical review of the literature cases and also to illustrate histochemical and immunohistochemical findings of a new case. A modified PICO strategy was used.

A Brazilian multicentre study of 2,497 isolated cases of odontogenic keratocysts.

We present the frequency of cases of isolated odontogenic keratocysts submitted to microscopic examination at 10 Brazilian referral centres in Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology. In a retrospective (1953-2017) analysis, data on clinicoradiographic features and treatment of these lesions were collected and analysed descriptively. Among the 258,867 cases retrieved, 2,497 (0.

Oral lesion as the primary diagnosis of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a 20-year experience from an oral pathology service and review of the literature.

Purpose: We aimed to investigate the frequency and clinicopathological features of oral NHL in our institution as well as to compare the data gathered from other oral pathology and general pathology services published in the literature.

Methods: Clinical records of patients diagnosed with NHL exclusively affecting the oral cavity were reviewed from 1997 to 2017. Additionally, a review of the literature over a 20-year period was conducted aiming to examine articles on oral NHLs.

Can non-collagenous proteins be employed for the differential diagnosis among fibrous dysplasia, cemento-osseous dysplasia and cemento-ossifying fibroma?

Differential diagnosis among fibrous dysplasias, cemento-ossifying fibromas and cemento-osseous dysplasias is difficult, since there is considerable overlap of histologic features, but also extremely important, since they differ greatly in etiology, clinical behaviour, prognosis and terapeuthic approach. There is no data about the use of immunohistochemistry, a viable and accessible technique, for this purpose. The objective of this study was to investigate, comparatively, the immunohistochemical expression of major non-collagenous proteins (osteonectin [ON], osteopontin [OP], bone sialoprotein [BSP] and osteocalcin [OC]) of mineralized tissue extracellular matrix in 22 cases of fibrous dysplasias, 16 of cemento-ossifying fibromas and 16 of cemento-osseous dysplasias.

Oral focal mucinosis of the hard palate and gingiva.

Oral focal mucinosis (OFM) is an uncommon, asymptomatic, submucosal, slow-growing nodule representing a counterpart of the cutaneous focal mucinosis (CFM). OFM has a female predilection with the highest prevalence in the fifth decade of life. About 68% of OFMs occur in the gingiva and 14% in the palate.

A rare odontogenic cyst: Gingival cyst of the adult. A series of 20 new cases from a single center.

Gingival cyst of the adult (GCA) is a rare entity and comprises around 0.3% of all odontogenic cysts. Due to its rarity, there are a few retrospective studies on it.

Salivary gland tumors in a Brazilian population: A 20-year retrospective and multicentric study of 2292 cases.

Purpose: Neoplasms of the salivary glands comprise more than thirty subtypes of lesions with various clinical behaviors. The present study aimed to describe the incidence and main features of salivary gland tumors in Brazil.

Material And Methods: A retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study was performed (1997-2017).

Incidental finding of subgemmal neurogenous plaque upon retrospective evaluation of oral lymphoepithelial cysts.

Purpose: We aimed to compare the histomorphological features of oral lymphoepithelial cysts (OLC) in different locations of the oral cavity and to verify the association between oral lymphoepithelial cysts and subgemmal neurogenous plaque (SNP) on biopsies from the lateral border of the tongue.

Methods: All cases diagnosed as OLC from the Oral Pathology Service at the School of Dentistry/University of São Paulo were retrieved. For all the cysts located in the tongue, their association to SNP was analyzed.

Cripto-1 is overexpressed in carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma of salivary gland.

Introduction: Cripto-1 is a member of the epidermal growth factor-Cripto-1/FRL-1/Cryptic family. Besides being critical for early embryonic development, Cripto-1 is also associated with the development and behavior of several cancers.

Objective: We analyzed the immunoexpression of Cripto-1 in normal salivary glands (NSGs), pleomorphic adenomas (PAs), and carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenomas (CaExPAs) of salivary glands.

Altered Toll-like receptor expression and function in HPV-associated oropharyngeal carcinoma.

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have been widely investigated due to their importance in the inflammatory response and possible links to tumor promotion/regression and prognosis. In cancers with an infective etiology, such as human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OPSCC), TLR responses may be activated and play a role in tumorigenesis. Our aim was to assess the expression of all TLRs in OPSCC cell lines (both HPV and HPV) by qPCR, Western Blot and flow cytometry and assess their response to TLR ligands lipopolysaccharide (LPS), LPS ultra-pure (LPS-UP) and peptidoglycan (PGN) by analyzing IL-8 and IL-6 production.

Rare case report of an aggressive follicular lymphoid hyperplasia in maxilla.

Follicular lymphoid hyperplasia is a very rare though benign reactive process of an unknown pathogenesis that may resemble a follicular lymphoma, clinically and histologically. Oral reactive follicular hyperplasia (RFH) has been described on the hard or soft palate and at the base of the tongue. We describe here the first case of RFH presenting as an aggressive tumor on the right posterior side of the maxilla in a 24-year-old male patient.

Increased SOX2 expression in salivary gland carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma progression: an association with adverse outcome.

SOX2 is a regulatory factor of embryonic stem cells that has been implicated in carcinogenesis and cancer progression. We aimed to investigate the potential role of SOX2 in the stepwise progression from pleomorphic adenoma (PA) to invasive carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CXPA), evaluating its prognostic significance as well. Thirty PAs without malignant transformation and 25 CXPAs presenting both luminal or myoepithelial differentiation (7 intracapsular and 18 extracapsular) were evaluated immunohistochemically for SOX2 expression.

Benign vascular lesions of the lips: Diagnostic approach.

Background: Although not rare, vascular lesions occurring in the lips sometimes poses a difficult in properly diagnosing and handling them. In this study, vascular lesions occurring in the lips were retrieved from an Oral Pathology Service.

Methods: Among 5600 biopsies, 131 cases were found.

Prevalence of Sjögren's syndrome in Brazilian patients infected with human T-cell lymphotropic virus.

Background: Human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) is known to be associated with neoplastic and neurodegenerative changes, and it is believed to be associated with various systemic inflammatory diseases, including Sjögren's syndrome (SS). Although HTLV-I infection is endemic in Brazil, there is no information regarding the association between HTLV-I infection and SS in the Brazilian population. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of SS in HTLV-I-infected individuals and the prevalence of HTLV-I infection in individuals diagnosed with SS.

In Situ Melanoma of the Gingiva Associated with Dense Inflammation and Pigment Deposition: A Potential Diagnostic Pitfall in Evaluating Stromal Invasion.

Melanoma is a highly aggressive neoplasm in which the neoplastic cells display melanocytic differentiation. Less than 1 % of all melanomas arise in the mucosal surfaces of the oral cavity, with purely in situ lesions being exceedingly rare tumors, but with a favorable prognosis compared with invasive lesions. We describe the clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical findings in an uncommon case of in situ mucosal melanoma of the oral cavity with intense tumor-associated pigment deposition and inflammation complicating the morphological assessment of infiltrative areas.