Improving the predictions of leaf photosynthesis during and after short-term heat stress with current rice models.

In response to increasing global warming, extreme heat stress significantly alters photosynthetic production. While numerous studies have investigated the temperature effects on photosynthesis, factors like vapour pressure deficit (VPD), leaf nitrogen, and feedback of sink limitation during and after extreme heat stress remain underexplored. This study assessed photosynthesis calculations in seven rice growth models using observed maximum photosynthetic rate (P ) during and after short-term extreme heat stress in multi-year environment-controlled experiments.