MiR-186-5p carried by M2 macrophage-derived exosomes downregulates TRPP2 expression in airway smooth muscle to alleviate asthma progression.

Bronchial asthma (asthma) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways that remains an unresolved problem. Reportedly M2 macrophages and exosomes play a role in inflammation, including asthma. We investigated the roles of M2 macrophage-derived exosomes (M2-Exos) effect in asthmatic progression by using ovalbumin (OVA) induced asthmatic mice model.

iRGD-TRP-PK1-modified red blood cell membrane vesicles as a new chemotherapeutic drug delivery and targeting system in head and neck cancer.

Chemotherapy is essential for treating tumors, including head and neck cancer (HNC). However, the toxic side effects of chemotherapeutic drugs limit their widespread use. Therefore, a targeted delivery system that can transport the drug to the pathological site while minimizing damage to healthy tissues is urgently needed.

Multiomics characterization and verification of clear cell renal cell carcinoma molecular subtypes to guide precise chemotherapy and immunotherapy.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a heterogeneous tumor with different genetic and molecular alterations. Schemes for ccRCC classification system based on multiomics are urgent, to promote further biological insights. Two hundred and fifty-five ccRCC patients with paired data of clinical information, transcriptome expression profiles, copy number alterations, DNA methylation, and somatic mutations were collected for identification.

LncRNA PART1 promotes malignant biological behaviours associated with head and neck cancer cells via synergistic action with FUT6.

The aim of this study was to determine the role of lncRNA PART1 and downstream FUT6 in tumorigenesis and progression of head and neck cancer (HNC). Bioinformatics analysis and qRT-PCR revealed that lncRNA PART1 was expressed at low levels in HNC patients. The proliferation, apoptosis, migration and flow cytometry results showed that low expression of lncRNA PART1 inhibited apoptosis and promoted HNC cell migration and proliferation.

Advances in research on biomarkers associated with acute myocardial infarction: A review.

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI), the most severe cardiovascular event in clinical settings, imposes a significant burden with its annual increase in morbidity and mortality rates. However, it is noteworthy that mortality due to AMI in developed countries has experienced a decline, largely attributable to the advancements in medical interventions such as percutaneous coronary intervention. This trend highlights the importance of accurate diagnosis and effective treatment to preserve the myocardium at risk and improve patient outcomes.

The role of transient receptor potential channels in metastasis.

Metastasis is the hallmark of failed tumor treatment and is typically associated with death due to cancer. Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels affect changes in intracellular calcium concentrations and participate at every stage of metastasis. Further, they increase the migratory ability of tumor cells, promote angiogenesis, regulate immune function, and promote the growth of tumor cells through changes in gene expression and function.

Macrophages and monocytes mediated activation of oxidative phosphorylation implicated the prognosis and clinical therapeutic strategy of Wilms tumour.

Wilms tumour is the fourth leading cause of paediatric malignancy, but the detailed relationship between the tumour microenvironment and prognosis remains largely unclear. In this research, gene expression profile and clinical information from TARGET and the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University were collected. After comparing the prognostic value of the associated immune cells, we established a nomogram to predict the prognosis of Wilms tumour based on monocyte infiltration, macrophage infiltration, stage, and sex.

Tumor-Derived Exosomes Modulate Primary Site Tumor Metastasis.

Tumor-derived exosomes (TDEs) are actively produced and released by tumor cells and carry messages from tumor cells to healthy cells or abnormal cells, and they participate in tumor metastasis. In this review, we explore the underlying mechanism of action of TDEs in tumor metastasis. TDEs transport tumor-derived proteins and non-coding RNA to tumor cells and promote migration.

Role of tumour-derived exosomes in metastasis.

Tumour-derived exosomes (TDEs) are actively produced and released by tumour cells and carry messages from tumour cells to normal or abnormal cells residing at close or distant sites. TDEs participate in every process of tumour metastasis. However, the occurrence and development of tumours depend on the specific functions acquired by tumour cells on the primary and metastatic foci.

Exocyst controls exosome biogenesis via Rab11a.

Tumor cells actively release large quantities of exosomes, which pivotally participate in the regulation of cancer biology, including head and neck cancer (HNC). Exosome biogenesis and release are complex and elaborate processes that are considered to be similar to the process of exocyst-mediated vesicle delivery. By analyzing the expression of exocyst subunits and their role in patients with HNC, we aimed to identify exocyst and its functions in exosome biogenesis and investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of exosome transport in HNC cells.

Molecular classification reveals the diverse genetic and prognostic features of gastric cancer: A multi-omics consensus ensemble clustering.

Background: Globally, gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common tumor. It is necessary to identify novel molecular subtypes to guide patient selection for specific target therapeutic benefits.

Methods: Multi-omics data, including transcriptomics RNA-sequencing (mRNA, LncRNA, miRNA), DNA methylation, and gene mutations in the TCGA-STAD cohort were used for the clustering.

IL-17 stimulates neutrophils to release S100A8/A9 to promote lung epithelial cell apoptosis in Mycoplasma pneumoniae-induced pneumonia in children.

Mycoplasma pneumoniae-induced pneumonia (MPP) is a common cause of community-acquired respiratory tract infections, increasing risk of morbidity and mortality, in children. However, diagnosing early-stage MPP is difficult owing to the lack of good diagnostic methods. Here, we examined the protein profile of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and found that S100A8/A9 was highly expressed.

Orai-vascular endothelial-cadherin signaling complex regulates high-glucose exposure-induced increased permeability of mouse aortic endothelial cells.

Introduction: Diabetes-associated endothelial barrier function impairment might be linked to disturbances in Ca homeostasis. To study the role and molecular mechanism of Orais-vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin signaling complex and its downstream signaling pathway in diabetic endothelial injury using mouse aortic endothelial cells (MAECs).

Research Design And Methods: The activity of store-operated Ca entry (SOCE) was detected by calcium imaging after 7 days of high-glucose (HG) or normal-glucose (NG) exposure, the expression levels of Orais after HG treatment was detected by western blot analysis.

MiR-200c-3p increased HDMEC proliferation through the notch signaling pathway.

Excessive proliferation of vascular endothelial cells can cause hemangioma. Although typically benign, hemangiomas can become life-threatening. The microRNA miR-200c-3p is abnormally expressed in some types of tumors, but its expression, biological role, and mechanism of action in infantile hemangioma remain to be fully elucidated.

Physical interaction of tropomyosin 3 and STIM1 regulates vascular smooth muscle contractility and contributes to hypertension.

Scope: Tropomyosin (TPM), an actin-binding protein widely expressed across different cell types, is primarily involved in cellular contractile processes. We investigated whether TPM3 physically and functionally interacts with stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) to contribute to vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) contraction, store-operated calcium entry (SOCE), and high-salt intake-induced hypertension in rats.

Methods And Results: Analysis of a rat RNA-seq data set of 80 samples showed that the STIM1 and Tpm3 transcriptome expression pattern is highly correlated, and co-immunoprecipitation results indicated that TPM3 and STIM1 proteins physically interacted in rat VSMCs.

Endothelial progenitor cell-derived exosomes ameliorate endothelial dysfunction in a mouse model of diabetes.

Atherosclerosis is a serious cardiovascular complication of diabetes characterized by inflammation and endothelial damage. Indeed, dysfunction of the endothelium is considered an early marker of atherosclerosis. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are prerequisites for blood vessels lined with endothelial cells (ECs), which produce many factors to regulate blood vessel function.

Orai-IGFBP3 signaling complex regulates high-glucose exposure-induced increased proliferation, permeability, and migration of human coronary artery endothelial cells.

Introduction: Diabetes-associated endothelium dysfunction might be linked to disturbances in Ca homeostasis. Our main objective is to reveal the potential mechanisms by which high-glucose (HG) exposure promotes increased proliferation of human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) in culture, and that store-operated Ca entry (SOCE) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) contribute to this proliferation.

Research Design And Methods: We detected the expression levels of Ca release-activated calcium channel proteins (Orais), IGFBP3 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen of HCAECs cultured in HG medium for 1, 3, 7, and 14 days and in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mouse coronary endothelial cells.

miRNA-221-3p in Endothelial Progenitor Cell-Derived Exosomes Accelerates Skin Wound Healing in Diabetic Mice.

Background: Patients with diabetic cutaneous ulcers experience financial burden and a lower quality of life and life expectancy. Endothelial progenitor cell (EPC)-derived exosomes facilitate skin wound healing by positively modulating vascular endothelial cell function. Exosomes play their important regulatory role through microRNA (miRNA).

Effect of oxLDL on transcriptional expression of human lens epithelial cells.

Age-related cataract patients regularly have hypertension, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia. In oxidative conditions, increased reactive oxygen species can oxidize natural low-density lipoprotein into oxidative low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL). However, the relationship between oxLDL and the occurrence of cataracts is still unclear.

Combined Morpho-Chemical Profiling of Individual Extracellular Vesicles and Functional Nanoparticles without Labels.

Biological nanoparticles are important targets of study, yet their small size and tendency to aggregate makes their heterogeneity difficult to profile on a truly single-particle basis. Here we present a label-free system called 'Raman-enabled nanoparticle trapping analysis' (R-NTA) that optically traps individual nanoparticles, records Raman spectra and tracks particle motion to identify chemical composition, size, and refractive index. R-NTA has the unique capacity to characterize aggregation status and absolute chemical concentration at the single-particle level.

The effect of transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 on the intestinal epithelial barrier and human colonic cells was affected by tyrosine-phosphorylated claudin-7.

TRPV4 is a type of nonselective cation channel, and activation of TRPV4 in the gastrointestinal tract causes experimental colitis in mice. A previous study found that tyrosine-phosphorylated claudin-7 is increased in experimental colitis. The relationship between tyrosine-phosphorylated claudin-7 and TRPV4 remains undefined.

TRPV4 Complexes With the Na/Ca Exchanger and IP Receptor 1 to Regulate Local Intracellular Calcium and Tracheal Tension in Mice.

Intracellular Ca is critical for regulating airway smooth muscle (ASM) tension. A rapid rise in the intracellular Ca concentration ([Ca]) of ASM cells is crucial for modulating the intensity and length of the ASM contraction. Because this rapid increase in [Ca] largely depends on the balance between Ca released from intracellular Ca stores and extracellular Ca entry, exploring the mechanisms mediating Ca transport is critical for understanding ASM contractility and the pathogenesis of bronchial contraction disorders.

Selective activation of TWIK-related acid-sensitive K 3 subunit-containing channels is analgesic in rodent models.

The paucity of selective agonists for TWIK-related acid-sensitive K 3 (TASK-3) channel, a member of two-pore domain K (K2P) channels, has contributed to our limited understanding of its biological functions. By targeting a druggable transmembrane cavity using a structure-based drug design approach, we discovered a biguanide compound, CHET3, as a highly selective allosteric activator for TASK-3-containing K2P channels, including TASK-3 homomers and TASK-3/TASK-1 heteromers. CHET3 displayed potent analgesic effects in vivo in a variety of acute and chronic pain models in rodents that could be abolished pharmacologically or by genetic ablation of TASK-3.