A Phase II Study of Osimertinib in Patients with Advanced-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer following Prior Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (EGFR TKI) Therapy with EGFR and T790M Mutations Detected in Plasma Circulating Tumour DNA (PLASMA Study).

Epidermal growth factor receptor () T790M mutations drive resistance in 50% of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who progress on first/second generation (1G/2G) EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and are sensitive to Osimertinib. Tissue sampling is the gold-standard modality of T790M testing, but it is invasive. We evaluated the efficacy of Osimertinib in patients with EGFR mutant NSCLC and T790M in circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA).

Clinical and chest radiographic features of missed lung cancer and their association with patient outcomes.

Purpose: To examine clinical and chest radiographic features of missed lung cancer (MLC) and explore their association with patient outcomes.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed chest radiographs obtained at least six months before lung cancer (LC) diagnosis in 95 patients to identify the first positive chest radiograph showing MLC. We assessed chest radiographic features of MLC and their association with patient outcomes.

Clinical Course and Outcomes among COVID-19 Patients at the Hospitel in Bangkok: A Retrospective Study.

A hospitel is a hotel that has been designated as an extension of the healthcare facilities during the COVID-19 pandemic in resource-limited settings. However, the clinical course and outcomes of patients with COVID-19 admitted to this unique type of facility have never been studied. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of adult patients with COVID-19 who were admitted to a single hospitel in Bangkok, Thailand.

Gastrointestinal microbiota profile and clinical correlations in advanced EGFR-WT and EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer.

Introduction: Difference in clinical responses to cancer therapy in each patient is from several factors. Gastrointestinal microbiota is one of the reasons. However, this correlation remains unknown.

Combined Pulmonary Tuberculosis with Pulmonary and Pleural Cryptococcosis in a Patient Receiving Ruxolitinib Therapy.

With an advance in therapy, there are increasing emerging and re-emerging opportunistic infections among patients with hematologic conditions and malignancy. Herein, we present a 56-year-old woman with primary myelofibrosis who developed combined tuberculosis (TB) and cryptococcosis with extensive pulmonary, pleural, and nodal involvement during ruxolitinib therapy. Marked clinical and radiologic improvements were undoubtedly evident after receiving anti-TB and antifungal therapies and pleural drainage.

Clinical characteristics and CT manifestations of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in hospitalised patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Aim: To investigate clinical and computed tomography (CT) findings of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to explore the relationships of CT findings with clinical characteristics and outcomes.

Materials And Methods: Clinical and CT findings of 14 SLE patients with proven (n=4) and probable (n=10) IPA between January 2006 and April 2013 were reviewed retrospectively and related to patients' outcomes.

Results: All patients (mean age, 42.

Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma with Concomitant Localized Pulmonary Melioidosis: A Rare Co-Existing Disease.

Melioidosis is caused by , water-and-soil gram-negative bacteria predominantly found in Southeast Asia and Australia. Herein, we reported a 63-year-old Thai man presenting with prolonged fever, non-productive cough, and weight loss for 3 months. He underwent deceased donor kidney transplantation 4 years ago and was on many immunosuppressive agents after transplantation.

Initial diagnosis and successful treatment of pulmonary tumor embolism manifesting as the first clinical sign of prostatic adenocarcinoma.

Although pulmonary tumor embolism (PTE) is a well-recognized end-stage form of pulmonary metastases at postmortem examination, the entity is rarely the first clinical sign of prostate cancer. Diagnosis of this condition in patients who have no previous history of malignancy is a challenge. Herein, we reported a 79-year-old man presented with progressive, unexplained dyspnea on exertion.

Assessment of proximal and peripheral airway dysfunction by computed tomography and respiratory impedance in asthma and COPD patients with fixed airflow obstruction.

Objective: To ascertain: (i) if elderly patients with fixed airflow obstruction (FAO) due to asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have distinct airway morphologic and physiologic changes; (ii) the correlation between the morphology of proximal/peripheral airways and respiratory impedance.

Methods: Twenty-five asthma cases with FAO and 22 COPD patients were enrolled. High-resolution computed tomography was used to measure the wall area (WA) and lumen area (LA) of the proximal airway at the apical segmental bronchus of the right upper lobe (RB1) adjusted by body surface area (BSA) and bronchial wall thickening (BWT ) of the peripheral airways and extent of expiratory air trapping (AT ).

Relationship between the presence of bronchiectasis and acute exacerbation in Thai COPD patients.

Background: The prevalence rate of bronchiectasis in COPD is variable. Coexisting bronchiectasis and COPD may influence COPD severity and exacerbation.

Objective: We investigated whether bronchiectasis is associated with frequent or severe COPD exacerbation.

Thin-section CT findings of thoracolithiasis.

Purpose: To review thin-section CT findings of thoracolithiasis.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-three thin-section CT scans of 9 patients with thoracolithiasis diagnosed between 2008 and 2016 were reviewed for the location, shape, longest diameter, and calcification of each freely mobile nodule (thoracolith) and for the presence of coexisting abnormalities.

Results: The mean age of 9 patients (5 women) was 65.

Chronic Klebsiella pneumonia: a rare manifestation of Klebsiella pneumonia.

K. pneumoniae can present as two forms of community-acquired pneumonia, acute and chronic. Although acute pneumonia may turn into necrotizing pneumonia, which results in a prolonged clinical course, it often has a rapidly progressive clinical course.

Expiratory air trapping during asthma exacerbation: Relationships with clinical indices and proximal airway morphology.

Objectives: To semi-quantitatively assess expiratory air trapping (AT(exp)) and structural changes in the proximal airways in asthma during asthma exacerbation (AE) and to explore the relationships among AT(exp), clinical indices, and proximal airway changes.

Methods: Paired inspiratory-dynamic forced expiratory CT scans of 36 asthmatics (30 women, 6 men; mean age, 49.2±18.

A case of recurrent pneumothorax related to oral methylphenidate.

Primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) commonly occurs in young, tall, and thin males, without any identifiable cause except for emphysema-like changes (ELCs). However, other risk factors may be overlooked. Herein, we report the case of a 19-year-old male who presented with recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax while taking oral methylphenidate.

Thoracic endometriosis with catamenial haemoptysis and pneumothorax: computed tomography findings and long-term follow-up after danazol treatment.

Thoracic endometriosis (TE) is an uncommon disorder affecting women of childbearing age. We herein report clinical and thin-section computed tomography (CT) findings of two cases, in which one woman presented with catamenial haemoptysis (CH) alone and another woman presented with bilateral catamenial pneumothoraces (CP) coinciding with CH, a rare manifestation of TE. The dynamic changes demonstrated on thin-section chest CT performed during and after menses led to accurate localisation and presumptive diagnosis of TE in both patients.

Visibility and variability of pleural fissures on normal digital chest radiographs of 1,000 healthy adults.

Purpose: To investigate the visibility and variability of pleural fissures on digital chest radiographs.

Methods: Posteroanterior digital chest radiographs of 566 males and 434 females were retrospectively reviewed for the frequencies and/or appearances of various pleural fissures.

Results: The right only, left only and bilateral minor fissures were visible in 722 (72.

Thoracic manifestations of paradoxical immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome during or after antituberculous therapy in HIV-negative patients.

Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) is a consequence of exaggerated and dysregulated host's inflammatory response to invading microorganism, leading to uncontrolled inflammatory reactions. IRIS associated with tuberculosis (TB) is well recognized among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy, but it is less common among HIV-negative patients. IRIS can manifest as a paradoxical worsening or recurring of preexisting tuberculous lesions or development of new lesions despite successful antituberculous treatment.

Acute respiratory failure secondary to eosinophilic pneumonia following influenza vaccination in an elderly man with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Acute respiratory failure with diffuse pulmonary opacities is an unusual manifestation following influenza vaccination. We report herein a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who developed fever with worsening of respiratory symptoms and severe hypoxemia requiring ventilatory support shortly after influenza vaccination. Bronchoalveolar lavage was compatible with acute eosinophilic pneumonia.

Clinical and radiologic manifestations of pulmonary cryptococcosis in immunocompetent patients and their outcomes after treatment.

Purpose: We aimed to investigate clinical and radiologic manifestations of pulmonary cryptococcosis in immunocompetent patients and their outcomes after treatment.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records, initial and follow-up chest computed tomography scans and/or radiographs for initial clinical and radiologic manifestations and outcomes following antifungal treatment of 12 immunocompetent patients diagnosed with pulmonary cryptococcosis between 1990 and 2012.

Results: Twelve patients (age range, 21-62 years; males, eight patients [66.

Tracheobronchial involvement in relapsing polychondritis diagnosed on endobronchial ultrasound.

Respiratory tract chondritis is not uncommon in patients with relapsing polychondritis (RP); however, diagnosing this condition remains problematic, especially in patients whose extrapulmonary manifestations do not predominate, as there are broad differential diagnoses of airway obstruction. We herein report the case of a 56-year-old man who presented with cough and dyspnea. Computed tomography of the chest demonstrated diffuse smooth thickening of the visualized tracheobronchial wall with a moderately narrowed lumen.