Risk of ischemic stroke after cancer diagnosis: a population-based matched cohort study.

Background: There are limited data regarding the association between cancer and ischemic stroke, particularly among individuals with previous stroke. Our objective was to measure and compare the risk of ischemic stroke in individuals with and without cancer.

Methods: Population-based matched cohort study in Ontario, Canada.

Association Between Serum Thyrotropin and Cancer Recurrence in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study.

Levothyroxine to suppress thyrotropin (TSH) to <0.5 mIU/L following thyroidectomy in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) may reduce recurrence in higher-risk DTC. However, there is limited evidence to support guideline recommendations to maintain TSH in the low-normal range of 0.

Processes of obstetrical care and outcomes among Ontario physicians versus non-physicians: a population-based study.

Objective: We compared processes of antepartum, intrapartum and postpartum care and obstetrical outcomes between physicians and non-physicians.

Design: This is a population-based retrospective matched cohort study.

Setting: The study was conducted in Ontario, Canada.

Effect of fragmentation of surgery and adjuvant treatment in high-grade nonendometrioid endometrial cancer: a population-based cohort study.

Background: Fragmented care (FC) occurs when patients receive treatment across several different hospitals. Regionalization of surgery for patients with high-grade endometrial cancer means that patients must travel longer distances to receive care; these patients often require adjuvant treatment after surgery.

Objective: To determine whether the fragmentation of surgery and adjuvant treatment impacts survival in patients with high-grade nonendometrioid endometrial cancer.

Emergency department use before cancer diagnosis in Ontario, Canada: a population-based study.

Background: Although suspicions of cancer may be raised in patients who visit the emergency department, little is known about emergency department use before a cancer diagnosis. We sought to describe emergency department use among patients in Ontario within the 90 days before confirmed cancer diagnosis and to evaluate factors associated with this emergency department use.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective, population-based study of patients aged 18 years or older who had a confirmed cancer diagnosis in Ontario from 2014 to 2021 using linked administrative databases.

Medical imaging utilization in migrants compared with nonmigrants in a universal healthcare system: A population-based matched cohort study.

Background: Medical imaging is an integral part of healthcare. Globalization has resulted in increased mobilization of migrants to new host nations. The association between migration status and utilization of medical imaging is unknown.

Exposure to procedural ionizing radiation and cancer risk among physicians.

Background: Physicians in certain specialities are routinely exposed to procedural ionizing radiation. Their risk of cancer is unknown, including by cancer sub-types.

Aims: To assess cancer risk among exposed physicians.

Pathways to cancer care after a suspected cancer diagnosis in the emergency department: a survey of emergency physicians across Ontario.

Introduction: Little is known about how patients are managed after a suspected cancer diagnosis through the emergency department. The objective of this study was to examine the ED management, specifically referral practices, for ten suspected cancer diagnoses by emergency physicians across Ontario and to explore variability in management by cancer-type and centre.

Methods: An electronic survey was distributed to emergency physicians across Ontario, asking about referral practices for patients who could be discharged from the ED with one of ten suspected cancer diagnoses.

Association of oxaliplatin-containing adjuvant duration with post-treatment fall-related injury and fracture in patients with stage III colon cancer: a population-based retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: Oxaliplatin-containing adjuvant chemotherapy yields a significant survival benefit in stage III colon cancer and is the standard of care. Simultaneously, it causes dose-dependent peripheral neuropathy that may increase the risk of fall-related injury (FRI) such as fracture and laceration. Because these events carry significant morbidity and the global burden of colon cancer is on the rise, we examined the association between treatment with a full versus shortened course of adjuvant chemotherapy and post-treatment FRI and fracture.

Molecular Expression Assays Improve the Prediction of Local and Invasive Local Recurrence After Breast-Conserving Surgery for Ductal Carcinoma In Situ.

Purpose: Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is routinely treated with adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) after breast-conserving surgery (BCS). The inability to accurately estimate an individual's risk of local recurrence (LR) and invasive LR using clinicopathologic factors (CPF) contributes to the overtreatment of DCIS. We examined the impact of the 12-gene DCIS Score (DS) and the 21-gene Recurrence Score (RS) on the accuracy of predicting LR and invasive LR.

Advance Directives Change Frequently in Nursing Home Residents.

Objectives: To describe the rate, timing, and pattern of changes in advance directives (ADs) of do not resuscitate (DNR) and do not hospitalize (DNH) orders among new admissions to nursing homes (NHs).

Design: A retrospective cohort study.

Setting And Participants: Admissions to all publicly funded NHs in Ontario, Canada, between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2017.

Duration of risk reduction in colorectal cancer incidence and mortality after a complete colonoscopy in Ontario, Canada: a population-based cohort study.

Background: Colorectal cancer guidelines recommend screening colonoscopy every 10 years after a negative procedure. If risk reduction extends past 10 years, the recommended interval could be extended, reducing the burden on the individual and health-care system. We aimed to estimate the duration that patients remain at reduced risk of colorectal cancer incidence and mortality after a complete colonoscopy.

The Impact of the Pandemic on the Quality of Colorectal and Anal Cancer Care, and 2-Year Clinical Outcomes.

We undertook a retrospective study to compare the quality of care delivered to a cohort of newly diagnosed adults with colon, rectal or anal cancer during the early phase of COVID-19 (02/20-12/20) relative to the same period in the year prior (the comparator cohort), and examine the impact of the pandemic on 2-year disease progression and all-cause mortality. We observed poorer performance on a number of quality measures, such as approximately three times as many patients in the COVID-19 cohort experienced 30-day post-surgical readmission (10.5% vs.

A Prognostic Survival Model Incorporating Patient-Reported Outcomes for Transplant-Ineligible Patients With Multiple Myeloma.

Developing prognostic tools specifically for patients themselves represents an important step in empowering patients to engage in shared decision-making. Incorporating patient-reported outcomes may improve the accuracy of these prognostic tools. We conducted a retrospective population-based study of transplant-ineligible (TIE) patients with multiple myeloma (MM) diagnosed between January 2007 and December 2018.

Risk of Cesarean Delivery Among People With Inflammatory Bowel Disease According to Disease Characteristics: A Population-Based Study.

Objectives: It is unclear if use of cesarean delivery in people with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is guideline-concordant. We compared the odds of cesarean delivery among primiparous individuals with IBD versus without, overall, and by disease characteristics, as well as time to subsequent delivery.

Methods: Retrospective matched population-based cohort study between 1 April 1994 and 31 March 2020.

Insight into the MOBu (M=Na, K)-Mediated Dehydrogenation of Dimethylamine-Borane and Transfer Hydrogenation of Nitriles to Primary Amines.

Selective synthesis of primary amines from nitriles is challenging in synthetic chemistry due to the possible en-route generation of various amines and imines. Herein, we report a practical and operationally simple MOBu-mediated (M=Na, K) transfer hydrogenation of nitriles to the corresponding primary amines with a relatively unexplored sacrificial hydrogen source (dimethylamine borane). The strategy encompasses a broad substrate scope under transition metal-free conditions and does not require any solvent.

Longitudinal adherence to surveillance for late effects of cancer treatment: a population-based study of adult survivors of childhood cancer.

Background: Adult survivors of childhood cancer are at elevated risk of morbidity and mortality compared to the general population, but their adherence to lifelong periodic surveillance is suboptimal. We aimed to examine adherence to surveillance guidelines for high-yield tests and identify risk factors for nonadherence in adult survivors of childhood cancer.

Methods: In this retrospective, population-based cohort study, we used health care administrative data from Ontario, Canada, to identify adult survivors of childhood cancer diagnosed between 1986 and 2014 who were at elevated risk of therapy-related colorectal cancer, breast cancer, or cardiomyopathy.

Sex-based trajectories of health system use in lonely and not lonely older people: A population-based cohort study.

Background: There is growing interest in understanding the care needs of lonely people but studies are limited and examine healthcare settings separately. We estimated and compared healthcare trajectories in lonely and not lonely older female and male respondents to a national health survey.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of community-dwelling, Ontario respondents (65+ years) to the 2008/2009 Canadian Community Health Survey-Healthy Aging.

COVID-19 pandemic impact on the potential exacerbation of screening mammography disparities: A population-based study in Ontario, Canada.

Strategies to ramp up breast cancer screening after COVID-19 require data on the influence of the pandemic on groups of women with historically low screening uptake. Using data from Ontario, Canada, our objectives were to 1) quantify the overall pandemic impact on weekly bilateral screening mammography rates (per 100,000) of average-risk women aged 50-74 and 2) examine if COVID-19 has shifted any mammography inequalities according to age, immigration status, rurality, and access to material resources. Using a segmented negative binomial regression model, we estimated the mean change in rate at the start of the pandemic (the week of March 15, 2020) and changes in weekly trend of rates during the pandemic period (March 15-December 26, 2020) compared to the pre-pandemic period (January 3, 2016-March 14, 2020) for all women and for each subgroup.

Patient Perceptions of the Impact of the COVID Pandemic on the Quality of Their Gastrointestinal Cancer Care.

We surveyed patients who had a received care for a gastrointestinal cancer between 03/2020 and 05/2021 to understand their perceptions of the impact of the Covid pandemic on cancer care delivery and quality of care. Three-hundred fifty-eight respondents provided evaluable responses (response rate: 17.3%).

Impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on lung cancer symptom burden: a population-based study in Ontario, Canada.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer commonly coexist and have significant symptom overlap. We sought to compare the symptom burden of lung cancer patients with COPD to those without COPD.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional study of stage I-IV lung cancer patients in Ontario, Canada, who completed the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (ESAS) within 90 days of diagnosis.

Development and validation of risk of CPS decline (RCD): a new prediction tool for worsening cognitive performance among home care clients in Canada.

Background: To develop and validate a prediction tool, or nomogram, for the risk of a decline in cognitive performance based on the interRAI Cognitive Performance Scale (CPS).

Methods: Retrospective, population-based, cohort study using Canadian Resident Assessment Instrument for Home Care (RAI-HC) data, collected between 2010 and 2018. Eligible home care clients, aged 18+, with at least two assessments were selected randomly for model derivation (75%) and validation (25%).