Frenolicins H and I from the caterpillar-associated sp. TBRC17107.

Two undescribed frenolicins H and I ( and ) along with six previously described frenolicin analogues [frenolicins A (), B (), UCF76-B (), E - G ( - )] and two anthraquinones [3,8-dihydroxy-1-propylanthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid () and 3,8-dihydroxy-1-propylanthraquinone ()] were isolated from a longkong bark eating caterpillar-derived sp. TBRC17107. The chemical structures were determined by NMR spectroscopic information and HRESIMS data.

Improved reproductive performance achieved in tropical dairy cows by dietary beta-carotene supplementation.

Dairy farming in tropical climates is challenging as heat stress can impair reproduction in cows. Previous studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of beta-carotene supplementation on bovine reproductive performance. This study was performed in Thailand, where the temperature-humidity index (THI) during the experimental periods was measured to range from 78.

Two new farnesyl hydroquinones from (BCC 35283), the fungus associated with algae.

Two new hydroquinones bearing a 1,3-enyne moiety, pestalotioquinols G and H, together with four known compounds, including pestalotioquinol A, phomonitroester, ()-4,6,8-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2)-one, and scylatone were isolated from the marine fungus (BCC 35283). The structures of these compounds were elucidated by analysis of 2D-NMR and HR-MS data. The known pestalotioquinol A displayed antimalarial activity against K1 with an IC value of 19.

Limonoids from fruiting bodies of the wood-rot basidiomycete Fulvifomes xylocarpicola associated with the mangrove tree Xylocarpus granatum.

Three previously undescribed limonoids, fulvifomins A-C, together with two known compounds, 6-deoxydetigloyl-swietenine acetate and methyl angolensate, were isolated from fruiting bodies of the wood-rot fungus Fulvifomes xylocarpicola (Hymenochaetaceae), growing on the mangrove tree Xylocarpus granatum (Meliaceae). The structures were elucidated on the basis of NMR spectroscopic and mass spectrometry data, and X-ray crystallographic analysis (for fulvifomin A). A number of similar limonoids have been isolated from higher plants of the family Meliaceae, including X.

Salicylaldehyde and dihydroisobenzofuran derivatives from the marine fungus Zopfiella marina.

Two salicylaldehyde derivatives (1 and 2), a hydroxymethylphenol (3), five dihydroisobenzofuran (4-8) derivatives, and a 5-chloro-3-deoxyisoochracinic acid (9), together with a known 3-deoxyisoochracinic acid (10) were isolated from the marine fungus Zopfiella marina BCC 18240 (or NBRC 30420). The structures of these compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis. Compound 1 showed weak antituberculous activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra, and antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus with MIC values of 25 and 12.

Differential regulation of the lipoxygenase pathway in shrimp hepatopancreases and ovaries during ovarian development in the black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon.

Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are critical to the success of ovarian development in marine crustaceans, especially for domesticated species such as the black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon. These fatty acids are stored in a midgut gland called the hepatopancreas and subsequently serve as an energy source or are incorporated in yolk during ovarian development. PUFAs are known precursors of hydroxy fatty acids, including hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid and hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (HEPE), which are catalyzed by lipoxygenases (LOX).

Production and secretion of naphthoquinones is mediated by the MFS transporter MFS1 in the entomopathogenic fungus Ophiocordyceps sp. BCC1869.

Naphthoquinones are deep red polyketide pigments produced by the ant-pathogenic fungus Ophiocordyceps sp. BCC1869. In culture, biosynthesis of these naphthoquinones remains at a low level during the first 20 days and reaches its maximum production level at approximately 50 days.

Two new drimane sesquiterpenes, fudecadiones A and B, from the soil fungus Penicillium sp. BCC 17468.

Two new drimane sesquiterpenoids, fudecadione A and fudecadione B (1, 2), together with the known brefeldin A (3) and fulvic acid (4), were isolated from the soil fungus Penicillium sp. BCC 17468. Chemical structures were determined based on spectroscopic evidence including 1D and 2D NMR and mass spectral data.

Bioactive metabolites from cultures of basidiomycete Favolaschia tonkinensis.

Two strobilurins, 9-methoxystrobilurin B (1) and 9-methoxystrobilurin G (2), two monochlorinated 2,3-dihydro-1-benzoxepin derivatives, 3 and 4a, and butenolide 5, together with four known compounds, strobilurin B, 9-methoxystrobilurin A, and oudemansins A and B, were isolated from culture BCC 18689 of the fungus Favolaschia tonkinensis. 9-Methoxystrobilurins A, B (1), and G (2) and oudemansins A and B exhibited antimalarial, antifungal, and cytotoxic activities, while compounds 3, 4a, and 5 displayed only cytotoxic activity.