Novel SCAR markers for accurate diagnosis of toxic and .

Toxic and are mistaken for wild edible mushroom species under the same genus, and those under . These species have similar morphological characteristics and occupy the same ecosystems. Accidental ingestion of and can lead to gastrointestinal syndromes including nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.

Experimental infection with Paragonimus heterotremus metacercariae in laboratory animals in Manipur, India.

This study was aimed to find out the host-parasite relationship between Paragonimus heterotremus isolated as metacercariae from mountain crabs, Indochinamon manipurensis, in Manipur, India and laboratory animals such as puppies, albino rats, Swiss mice, guinea pigs, and rabbits, as experimental animals. The animals were fed with the metacercariae. Infected animals were sacrificed 35 to 430 days after feeding to recover worms, which were used to determine the developmental stages.

A new record of Paragonimus other than P. westermani in southern Thailand.

Field surveys of Paragonimus in Surat Thani Province, southern Thailand, revealed a new record of a lung fluke species other than P. westermani. The metacercariae were obtained from the crab, Ranguna smalleyi.

Application of multiplex pcr for species discrimination using individual metacercariae of Paragonimus occurring in Thailand.

A total of 6 lung fluke species have been documented in Thailand, of which P. heterotremus is the most important, since it affects humans. Although P.

Molecular discrimination between individual metacercariae of Paragonimus heterotremus and P. westermani occurring in Thailand.

To accurately discriminate between individual metacercariae of Paragonimus heterotremus and P. westermani occurring in Thailand, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based molecular methods were established and subjected to an evaluation. We first amplified and sequenced the second internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) region of the nuclear ribosomal DNA of the two species.