Optical properties of liquid pure copper by density functional theory.

The optical properties of pure liquid copper were investigated using density functional theory with the Quantum ESPRESSO package. The effects of structural changes were investigated by comparing the electron density of states and imaginary part of the dielectric function between the crystalline and liquid states with densities near the melting point. The results indicated that the effect of interband transitions remains in the structural changes near the melting point.

Influence of thermal stress on continuous-wave second-harmonic generation in periodically poled LiTaO crystals.

Thermal stress effects on continuous-wave second-harmonic generation in periodically poled LiTaO crystals are evaluated via a numerical simulation that is based on nonlinear propagation equations and a thermal conduction equation. The thermal performance and absorption coefficients used in the numerical simulation were determined by comparison with experimental results. The results show that the thermal stress caused by a small residual absorption would restrict the maximum output power of a second-harmonic-continuous-wave laser.

A new method for mapping spatial resolution in compound eyes suggests two visual streaks in fiddler crabs.

Visual systems play a vital role in guiding the behaviour of animals. Understanding the visual information animals are able to acquire is therefore key to understanding their visually mediated decision making. Compound eyes, the dominant eye type in arthropods, are inherently low-resolution structures.

[Anesthetic Management for a Patient with Fibromyalgia].

A 22-year-old female with fibromyalgia (FM) was scheduled for tonsillectomy under general anesthesia. Her medication included pregabalin 300 mg x day(-1) and dantrolene 50 mg x day(-1). Anesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane-remifentanil-fentanyl.

[Perioperative management and postoperative complication rates of patients on dual antiplatelet therapies after coronary drug eluting stent implantation].

Background: Few studies have examined the perioperative status of dual antiplatelet therapy and postoperative thrombotic or bleeding complication rates of patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery with recent history of coronary stent implantation.

Methods: Eight patients underwent surgery with antiplatelet therapy discontinued on both pre- and post-operative period (pre/postop group); 7 patients with only post-operative discontinuation (postop group); and 2 patients with therapy maintained (maintained group). All patients had history of coronary drug eluting stent implantation within 12 months of surgery.

Percolation simulation of laser-guided electrical discharges.

A three-dimensional simulation of laser-guided discharges based on percolation is presented. The model includes both local growth of a streamer due to the enhanced electric field at the streamer's tip and propagation of a leader by remote ionization such as that caused by runaway electrons. The stochastic behavior of the discharge through a preformed plasma channel is reproduced by the calculation, which shows complex path with detouring and bifurcation.

Ultra broadband UV generation by stimulated Raman scattering of two-color KrF laser in deuterium confined in a hollow fiber.

Broad Raman-multi-frequency spectra were generated from the resonant two-color excitation of the deuterium molecule rotational Raman transition (J=0?2), using ultraviolet bi-harmonic lasers with a quartz hollow fiber. Fifty pure rotational Raman spectral lines (34 lines that have intensity within 10% of the strongest spectral line) from 230 to 290 nm were generated at a gas pressure of 30 kPa. Furthermore, vibrational-rotational Raman spectral lines of almost 300 lines from 220 to 600 nm were also generated by increasing the gas pressure to 60 kPa.

Analysis of estrogen-like compounds in the environment by high performance liquid chromatography bioassay.

To identify chemicals with endocrine-disrupting activity easily, we developed a new bioassay system, consisting of bioassay using genetically modified yeast expressing human estrogen receptor and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), in which advantages of instrumental analysis and bioassay are combined. The peaks in the mixture of these estrogen-like compounds analyzed using an HPLC bioassay were similar to those obtained by analysis using an HPLC-UV detector. Underground water and sea sediment were analyzed by an HPLC bioassay, and detected a few estrogen-like compounds, respectively.

Surface-magnetic-field and fast-electron current-layer formation by ultraintense laser irradiation.

Multi-MeV electron generation by ultraintense laser pulses plays a major role in fast ignition laser fusion and related high energy density science. This Letter discloses a unique feature of relativistic electron motion and self-induced electromagnetic fields which depend upon laser incident angle and intensity. When the incident angle is larger than the critical value (theta> or =thetacr), despite an MeV electron being injected obliquely into the target, the high energy electron is decoupled from the bulk of the plasma and transported along the surface by the structured electron motion guided by the surface quasistatic electromagnetic field.