Posterior Leaflet of Mitral Valve-Is it Really Tri-scalloped? -A Morphological and Morphometric Study in North Indian Cadaveric Hearts.

Background: Maintaining normal left ventricular geometry and function depends on the mitral valve's normal integrity. Irreparable damage to the mitral valve calls for its replacement using either a valve made up of biological tissue or metal, pyrolytic carbon, and similar materials.

Materials And Methods: The material consists of 50 formalin-fixed adults, seemingly normal cadaveric hearts of either sex which were received from the Department of Anatomy of various institutes in the north region.

Analytical Study of Mandible: Prerequisite for Sex Determination.

Background: Human skull consists of various bones. One of them is mandible which is quite resistant, tough and shows systemic differences in form between individuals of different sex. It resists putrefaction also.

Sexual Dimorphism of the Nutrient Foramen of the Fibula and Its Importance in Vascularised Bone Grafting: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Vascularised fibular bone grafting is widely used in many reconstructive surgeries to repair bony defects. It is very essential for the nutrient blood supply to be conserved in the vascular bone graft. Understanding the sexual differences of the fibular nutrient foramen can help operating surgeons make appropriate changes in their clinical methodologies according to the sex.

Determination of Sexual Dimorphism of the Human Sacrum Based on Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve Analysis of Morphometric Parameters.

Background Sex estimation of unidentified incomplete skeletons poses a challenge to paleoanthropologists and forensic experts. The sacrum is a part of the axial skeleton and contributes to the formation of the pelvic girdle. It is a significant bone for the identification of the sex in the human skeletal system due to associated functional differences of the pelvic bones in males and females.

Efficacy and Safety of MRI and CT Guided VX2 Hepatic Para-vascular Tumor Model in Rabbits.

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of 1.5 T MRI and CT-guided VX2 hepatic para-vascular tumor model in rabbits.

Materials And Methods: Sixty New Zealand white rabbits were randomly and equally divided into MRI-guided group (n=30) and CT-guided group (n=30).

Giant renal schwannoma with obvious hemorrhage and cystic degeneration: a case report and literature review.

Background: Renal schwannomas are very rare and are usually benign. Its clinical symptoms and imaging features are nonspecific, and the diagnosis is usually confirmed by pathology after surgical resection.

Case Presentation: A 46-year-old Chinese female was admitted to the hospital with right flank pain that had persisted for the six months prior to admission.

Utilizing pre-operative MR imaging and adapting optimal needle puncture approach to improve radiofrequency ablation fraction of thoracic dorsal root ganglia.

This experimental study evaluates the location of thoracic dorsal root ganglions (DRGs) through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, and evaluates the radiofrequency ablation (RFA) fraction of different puncture approaches on distinct DRG locations. Eight normal adult corpse specimens were used as thoracic spine specimens. An MRI examination was performed on each specimen using the following MRI sequences: STIR T2WI, fs-FRFSE T2WI, and 3D FIESTA-c.

Asialoglycoprotein Receptor-Targeted Superparamagnetic Perfluorooctylbromide Nanoparticles.

Background: The decrease in asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) levels is observed in patients with chronic liver disease and liver tumor. The aim of our study was to develop ASGPR-targeted superparamagnetic perfluorooctylbromide nanoparticles (M-PFONP) and wonder whether this composite agent could target buffalo rat liver (BRL) cells in vitro and could improve 2 value of the rat liver parenchyma after its injection in vivo.

Methods: GalPLL, a ligand of ASGPR, was synthesized by reductive amination.

Integrative nomogram of intratumoral, peritumoral, and lymph node radiomic features for prediction of lymph node metastasis in cT1N0M0 lung adenocarcinomas.

Radiomics studies to predict lymph node (LN) metastasis has only focused on either primary tumor or LN alone. However, combining radiomics features from multiple sources may reflect multiple characteristic of the lesion thereby increasing the discriminative performance of the radiomic model. Therefore, the present study intends to evaluate the efficiency of integrative nomogram, created by combining clinical parameters and radiomics features extracted from gross tumor volume (GTV), peritumoral volume (PTV) and LN, for the preoperative prediction of LN metastasis in clinical cT1N0M0 adenocarcinoma.

Magnetic resonance neurography in the management of trigeminal neuralgia: a cohort study of 55 patients.

Objective: To explore the usefulness of magnetic resonance neurography (MRN) in the diagnosis and management of trigeminal neuralgia (TN).

Study Design: In total, 55 patients clinically diagnosed with TN were imaged with 3.0-T magnetic resonance imaging.

Novel insights into the role of Clostridium novyi-NT related combination bacteriolytic therapy in solid tumors.

Several solid tumors (for example leiomyosarcoma, melanoma and hepatocellular carcinoma) possess areas of hypoxia, which underlies one of the primary reasons of failure of conventional anticancer therapies. The areas of poor vascularization are insensitive to radiotherapy and chemotherapeutic drugs. Conversely, the hypoxic regions of tumors provide an ideal environment for anaerobic bacteria.

Structural and Functional Brain Abnormalities in Trigeminal Neuralgia: A Systematic Review.

Aims: To evaluate the available literature on structural and functional brain abnormalities in trigeminal neuralgia (TN) using several brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques to further understand the central mechanisms of TN.

Methods: PubMed and Web of Science databases and the reference lists of identified studies were searched to identify potentially eligible studies through January 2019. Eligible articles were assessed for risk of bias and reviewed by two independent researchers.

B-lymphoblastic lymphoma with renal lesions as first symptom in a child: a case report and review of literature.

Lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL) is a type of non Hodgkin's lymphoma. It is highly malignant and aggressive. Most patients have poor prognosis.

Diffusion tensor imaging of the C1-C3 dorsal root ganglia and greater occipital nerve for cervicogenic headache.

Background: Previous studies showed neurography and tractography of the greater occipital nerve (GON). The purpose of this study was determining diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) parameters of bilateral GONs and dorsal root ganglia (DRG) in unilateral cervicogenic headache as well as the grading value of DTI for severe headache. The correlation between DTI parameters and clinical characteristics was evaluated.

High-Score US-Suspicious Subcentimeter Thyroid Nodules: What Factors Affect Adequate Sampling of US-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy?

Background: Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is diagnostic standard for thyroid nodules. However, the influence of adequate sample rate of US-guided FNAB for subcentimeter thyroid nodules is not known well.

Objectives: To assess the factors affecting adequate sample rate of US-guided FNAB for subcentimeter thyroid nodules.

Computed tomography-based score model/nomogram for predicting technical and midterm outcomes in transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt treatment for symptomatic portal cavernoma.

Background: Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) may be technically difficult in patients with cavernous transformation of the portal vein (CTPV). Computed tomography (CT) is widely used for assessing the situation of the portal vein and its tributaries before TIPS, and an ultrasound-based Yerdel grading system has been developed, which is deemed useful for liver transplantation. Therefore, we hypothesized that a CT-based CTPV scoring system could be useful for predicting technical and midterm outcomes in TIPS treatment for symptomatic portal cavernoma.

Classical biphasic pulmonary blastoma in a young woman: case report and review of literature.

Pulmonary blastoma (PB) is a very rare malignant lung tumor, consisting of immature epithelium and/or mesenchymal tissue. The two tissue components are derived from the same precursor cells. In this study, we present a case of a 29-year-old woman with classical biphasic pulmonary blastoma, who underwent right middle lobe resection and subsequent treatment.

Comparing cryoablation and microwave ablation for the treatment of patients with stage IIIB/IV non-small cell lung cancer.

The aim of the present study was to compare the safety and efficacy of cryoablation (CA) and microwave ablation (MWA) as treatments for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Patients with stage IIIB or IV NSCLC treated with CA (n=45) or MWA (n=56) were enrolled in the present study. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS); the secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS) time and adverse events (AEs).

Efficacy of intra-arterial catheter-directed thrombolysis for popliteal and infrapopliteal acute limb ischemia.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy and safety of catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) for first-line treatment of popliteal and infrapopliteal acute limb ischemia.

Methods: A total of 28 consecutive patients (30 limbs) who underwent CDT for treatment of popliteal and infrapopliteal acute limb ischemia of thromboembolic origin between March 2012 and December 2017 were enrolled in this study. Per the Society for Vascular Surgery, limbs were classified into three runoff score groups: <5, good; 5 to 10, compromised; and >10, poor.

Clinical effectiveness of combined interventional therapy as a salvage modality for unresectable pancreatic carcinoma.

Although different treatment methods have been introduced to treat advanced pancreatic carcinoma, the median overall survival rate remains unsatisfactory. Theoretically, combining different treatment methods should work in synergy to enhance locoregional disease control and improve survival. Therefore, the aim of the present retrospective study was to analyze the effectiveness of combined interventional therapy compared with trans-arterial chemoembolization (TACE) or chemotherapy alone for the treatment of unresectable pancreatic carcinoma.

Vitamin D Ameliorates Impaired Wound Healing in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice by Suppressing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress.

Background: This study is designed to investigate whether vitamin D promotes diabetic wound healing and explore the potential mechanism which may be involved in the healing process.

Material And Methods: Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with 200 g/ml of advanced glycation end product-modified human serum albumin (AGE-HSA) and 250 mg/dl of glucose with vitamin D. Cell viability was analyzed using the CCK-8 assay, and the apoptosis rate was measured using flow cytometry.

Specific PKC βII inhibitor: one stone two birds in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers.

To explore whether or not inhibition of protein kinase C βII (PKC βII) stimulates angiogenesis as well as prevents excessive NETosis in diabetics thus accelerating wound healing. Streptozotocin (STZ, 60 mg/kg/day for 5 days, i.p.

Vitamin D ameliorates impaired wound healing in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice by suppressing NF-κB-mediated inflammatory genes.

Diabetic wounds are characterized by delayed wound healing due to persistent inflammation and excessive production of reactive oxygen species. Vitamin D, which is well acknowledged to enhance intestinal calcium absorption and increase in plasma calcium level, has recently been shown to display beneficial effects in various vascular diseases by promoting angiogenesis and inhibiting inflammatory responses. However, the role of Vitamin D in diabetic wound healing is still unclear.

Bilateral Three-headed Biceps Brachii Muscle and its Clinical Implications.

Biceps brachii muscle frequently exhibits variant morphology in terms of origin, insertion, and mode of innervation. Nevertheless, the three-headed biceps brachii is described to be the most common variation. During routine cadaveric dissection, we came across a unique case of tricipital biceps brachii present on both the sides and variant course and branching pattern of musculocutaneous nerve.

Predictors of delayed wound healing after successful isolated below-the-knee endovascular intervention in patients with ischemic foot ulcers.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the predictors of delayed wound healing and their use in risk stratification for endovascular treatment (EVT) of patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI) due to isolated below-the-knee lesions.

Methods: Wound healing rates were analyzed retrospectively in patients who underwent successful below-the-knee percutaneous transluminal balloon angioplasty for CLI with tissue loss between May 2008 and June 2013. We also analyzed the independent predictors of delayed wound healing and their use in risk stratification.