OPtimal TIming of antenatal COrticosteroid administration in pregnancies complicated by early-onset fetal growth REstriction: results of a large multicenter cohort study (the OPTICORE study).

Background: Early-onset fetal growth restriction as consequence of placental insufficiency frequently requires iatrogenic preterm birth. Administration of antenatal corticosteroids reduces risks of neonatal morbidity and mortality following preterm birth and is most beneficial if the neonate is delivered within 2 weeks following treatment. International guidelines on fetal growth restriction pregnancies do not provide directives regarding the timing of antenatal corticosteroids, resulting in practice variation.

Identifying effect modifiers of systemic hydrocortisone treatment initiated 7-14 days after birth in ventilated very preterm infants on long-term outcome: secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial.

Objective: To explore clinical effect modifiers of systemic hydrocortisone in ventilated very preterm infants for survival and neurodevelopmental outcome at 2 years' corrected age (CA).

Design: Secondary analysis of a randomised placebo-controlled trial.

Setting: Dutch and Belgian neonatal intensive care units.

OPtimal TIming of antenatal COrticosteroid administration in pregnancies complicated by early-onset fetal growth REstriction (OPTICORE): study protocol of a multicentre, retrospective cohort study.

Introduction: Early-onset fetal growth restriction (FGR) requires timely, often preterm, delivery to prevent fetal hypoxia causing stillbirth or neurologic impairment. Antenatal corticosteroids (CCS) administration reduces neonatal morbidity and mortality following preterm birth, most effectively when administered within 1 week preceding delivery. Optimal timing of CCS administration is challenging in early-onset FGR, as the exact onset and course of fetal hypoxia are unpredictable.

Effect of systemic hydrocortisone in ventilated preterm infants on parent-reported behavioural outcomes at 2 years' corrected age: follow-up of a randomised clinical trial.

Objective: To report the parent-reported behavioural outcomes of infants included in the Systemic Hydrocortisone To Prevent Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in preterm infants study at 2 years' corrected age (CA).

Design: Randomised placebo-controlled trial.

Setting: Dutch and Belgian neonatal intensive care units.

Expectant Management or Early Ibuprofen for Patent Ductus Arteriosus.

Background: Cyclooxygenase inhibitors are commonly used in infants with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), but the benefit of these drugs is uncertain.

Methods: In this multicenter, noninferiority trial, we randomly assigned infants with echocardiographically confirmed PDA (diameter, >1.5 mm, with left-to-right shunting) who were extremely preterm (<28 weeks' gestational age) to receive either expectant management or early ibuprofen treatment.

Incidence of brain lesions in moderate-late preterm infants assessed by cranial ultrasound and MRI: The BIMP-study.

Purpose: To evaluate the incidence and characteristics of brain lesions in moderate-late preterm (MLPT) infants, born at 32-36 weeks' gestation using cranial ultrasound (cUS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: Prospective cohort study carried out at Isala Women and Children's Hospital between August 2017 and November 2019. cUS was performed at postnatal day 3-4 (early-cUS), before discharge and repeated at term equivalent age (TEA) in MLPT infants born between 32 and 35 weeks' gestation.

A systematic review on brain injury and altered brain development in moderate-late preterm infants.

Objectives: To provide a systematic review of brain injury and altered brain development in moderate-late preterm (MLPT) infants as compared to very preterm and term infants.

Study Design: A systematic search in five databases was performed in January 2020. Original research papers on incidence of brain injury and papers using quantitative data on brain development in MLPT infants were selected.

Development of Nationwide Recommendations to Support Prenatal Counseling in Extreme Prematurity.

Objectives: To develop a nationwide, evidence-based framework to support prenatal counseling in extreme prematurity, focusing on organization, decision-making, content, and style aspects.

Methods: A nationwide multicenter RAND-modified Delphi method study was performed between November 2016 and December 2017 in the Netherlands. Firstly, recommendations were extracted from literature and previous studies.

Primary Care Triple P for parents of NICU graduates with behavioral problems: a randomized, clinical trial using observations of parent-child interaction.

Background: Preterm-born or asphyxiated term-born children show more emotional and behavioral problems at preschool age than term-born children without a medical condition. It is uncertain whether parenting intervention programs aimed at the general population, are effective in this specific group. In earlier findings from the present trial, Primary Care Triple P was not effective in reducing parent-reported child behavioral problems.