Assessing the metastatic potential of circulating tumor cells using an organ-on-chip model.

Metastatic lung cancer remains a leading cause of death worldwide, with its intricate metastatic cascade posing significant challenges to researchers and clinicians. Despite substantial progress in understanding this cascade, many aspects remain elusive. Microfluidic-based vasculature-on-chip models have emerged as powerful tools in cancer research, enabling the simulation of specific stages of tumor progression.

Transformative climate adaptation in the United States: Trends and prospects.

As climate change intensifies, civil society is increasingly calling for transformative adaptation that redresses drivers of climate vulnerability. We review trends in how U.S.

The long arm of climate change: societal teleconnections and the future of climate change impacts studies.

"Societal teleconnections" - analogous to physical teleconnections such as El Niño - are human-created linkages that link activities, trends, and disruptions across large distances, such that locations spatially separated from the locus of an event can experience a variety of impacts from it nevertheless. In the climate change context, such societal teleconnections add a layer of risk that is currently neither fully appreciated in most impacts or vulnerability assessments nor in on-the-ground adaptation planning. Conceptually, societal teleconnections arise from the interactions among , and the that guide their actions, affecting the movement of various through different and .

A framework to diagnose barriers to climate change adaptation.

This article presents a systematic framework to identify barriers that may impede the process of adaptation to climate change. The framework targets the process of planned adaptation and focuses on potentially challenging but malleable barriers. Three key sets of components create the architecture for the framework.

Managing for multiple resources under climate change: national forests.

This study explores potential adaptation approaches in planning and management that the United States Forest Service might adopt to help achieve its goals and objectives in the face of climate change. Availability of information, vulnerability of ecological and socio-economic systems, and uncertainties associated with climate change, as well as the interacting non-climatic changes, influence selection of the adaptation approach. Resource assessments are opportunities to develop strategic information that could be used to identify and link adaptation strategies across planning levels.

Emissions pathways, climate change, and impacts on California.

The magnitude of future climate change depends substantially on the greenhouse gas emission pathways we choose. Here we explore the implications of the highest and lowest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change emissions pathways for climate change and associated impacts in California. Based on climate projections from two state-of-the-art climate models with low and medium sensitivity (Parallel Climate Model and Hadley Centre Climate Model, version 3, respectively), we find that annual temperature increases nearly double from the lower B1 to the higher A1fi emissions scenario before 2100.

Outcomes of nosocomial bloodstream infections in adult neutropenic patients: a prospective cohort and matched case-control study.

Objective: To examine the clinical and epidemiologic features, excess length of stay, extra costs, and mortality attributable to bloodstream infection (BSI) in neutropenic patients with hematologic malignancies.

Design: Prospective cohort and matched case-control study.

Patients: All adult neutropenic patients with hematologic malignancies admitted to Cologne University Hospital between May 1, 1997, and April 30, 1998, were prospectively observed.