Endoscopic sinus surgery with medical therapy versus medical therapy for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: a multicentre, randomised, controlled trial.

Background: Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is a common operation for patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) when medical therapy alone is insufficient. No randomised controlled trials on the efficacy of ESS have been published. We aimed to assess the efficacy of ESS plus medical therapy versus medical therapy alone in patients with CRSwNP.

Biologicals in childhood severe asthma: the European PERMEABLE survey on the .

Introduction: Severe asthma is a rare disease in children, for which three biologicals, anti-immunoglobulin E, anti-interleukin-5 and anti-IL4RA antibodies, are available in European countries. While global guidelines exist on who should receive biologicals, knowledge is lacking on how those guidelines are implemented in real life and which unmet needs exist in the field. In this survey, we aimed to investigate the and identify open questions in biological therapy of childhood asthma across Europe.

How reliable is the visual appraisal of a surgeon for diagnosing orbital fractures?

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of intra-operative visualisation, endoscopic assistance, and CT measurements for estimating the orbital fracture size and complexity.

Methods: Ten human cadaver heads were subjected to thin-slice computed tomography (CT). Standardised fractures were created using piezoelectric surgery in accordance with the Jaquiéry classification system.

Dendritic Cell Subsets in Oral Mucosa of Allergic and Healthy Subjects.

Immunohistochemistry was used to identify, enumerate, and describe the tissue distribution of Langerhans type (CD1a and CD207), myeloid (CD1c and CD141), and plasmacytoid (CD303 and CD304) dendritic cell subsets in oral mucosa of allergic and non-allergic individuals. Allergic individuals have more CD141+ myeloid cells in epithelium and more CD1a+ Langerhans cells in the lamina propria compared to healthy controls, but similar numbers for the other DC subtypes. Our data are the first to describe the presence of CD303+ plasmacytoid DCs in human oral mucosa and a dense intraepithelial network of CD141+ DCs.

Challenges in the Management of Inverted Papilloma: A Review of 72 Revision Cases.

Objectives/hypothesis: We report on the treatment outcome of endoscopically managed sinonasal inverted papilloma, focusing on revision cases. Our aim was to identify the properties of revision cases that affect treatment outcome by comparing them to primary cases in a single center. We propose using 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in the postoperative management of inverted papilloma.

Predictors for the development of progressive severity in new-onset adult asthma.

Background: A proportion of patients with adult-onset asthma have severe disease. Risk factors for an increase in asthma severity are poorly known.

Objective: We sought to identify predictors for the development of severe asthma in adults.

Selective accumulation of langerhans-type dendritic cells in small airways of patients with COPD.

Background: Dendritic cells (DC) linking innate and adaptive immune responses are present in human lungs, but the characterization of different subsets and their role in COPD pathogenesis remain to be elucidated. The aim of this study is to characterize and quantify pulmonary myeloid DC subsets in small airways of current and ex-smokers with or without COPD.

Methods: Myeloid DC were characterized using flowcytometry on single cell suspensions of digested human lung tissue.

Diminished response to grass pollen allergen challenge in subjects with concurrent house dust mite allergy.

Introduction: The clinical manifestation of allergic rhinitis is influenced by many factors; while different subpopulations are not well defined. Different combinations of allergic sensitization may lead to different clinical manifestations of allergic disease.

Methods: In a nasal allergen challenge model we compared allergic rhinitis symptoms between subjects mono-sensitized to grass pollen or house dust mite, poly-sensitized subjects, and healthy controls.

Dendritic cell populations in colon and mesenteric lymph nodes of patients with Crohn's disease.

Dendritic cells (DCs) are key cells in innate and adaptive immune responses that determine the pathophysiology of Crohn's disease. Intestinal DCs migrate from the mucosa into mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs). A number of different markers are described to define the DC populations.

Immuno-histological analysis of dendritic cells in nasal biopsies of IgA nephropathy patients.

Background: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerulonephritis worldwide. Intranasal vaccination of patients with IgAN has shown mucosal and systemic IgA hyporesponsiveness. Here, we investigated whether this IgA hyporesponse in IgAN patients can be explained by reduced numbers or altered subset distribution of dendritic cells (DCs) in nasal mucosa.