Origin of and therapeutic approach to cardiac syndrome X: results of the proton pump inhibitor therapy for angina-like lingering pain trial (PITFALL trial).

Aim: To investigate the frequency of gastroenterological diseases in the etiology and the efficacy of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in the treatment of cardiac syndrome X (CSX) as a subform of non-cardiac chest pain (NCCP).

Methods: We investigated 114 patients with CSX using symptom questionnaires. A subgroup of these patients were investigated regarding upper gastrointestinal disorders (GIs) and treated with PPI.