The impact of years of training and possible technical, procedural, and individual risk factors for the development of atopic symptoms among bakery and confectionery trainees.

Purpose: Occupational asthma is commonly observed in bakers and confectioners. Endogenous and exogenous risk factors contribute to bakers' asthma. A heightened awareness of this and early diagnosis can be helpful in terms of prevention.

Ten-year results of leisure noise exposure among adolescents and young adults-findings from the OHRKAN cohort study.

Objective: To observe total leisure noise (TLN) exposure and to investigate determinants of risky TLN exposure among adolescents and young adults over a ten-year observation period.

Design: OHRKAN is a longitudinal study with five equidistantly distributed questionnaires (waves) over ten years. Risky TLN exposure was defined as exceeding ≥85dB(A) averaged over 40h per week.

Atopic diseases and airway-related symptoms in Bavarian children before starting primary school: Time trend analyses.

Background: After decades of rising prevalence of atopic and airway-related diseases, studies showed stagnating prevalence in western industrialised countries. Objective of this study is to analyse the time trend of prevalence of atopic diseases and airway-related symptoms among Bavarian children before starting primary school.

Materials And Methods: Five cross-sectional studies from 2004/2005, 2006/2007, 2012/2013, 2014/2015 and 2016/2017 took place in urban and rural regions in Bavaria, Germany.

Change in exposure of children to second-hand smoke with impact on children's health and change in parental smoking habits after smoking ban in Bavaria - a multiple cross-sectional study.

Background: Concerns about smoking displacement from public places to private amenities aroused following smoking ban implementation in Bavaria in 2008. We analysed children's exposure to second-hand smoke (SHS) before and after the ban, its effect on children's health and prevalence of active smoking in adults.

Methods: Six cross-sectional surveys (n = 32,443) on pre-school children in Bavaria were analysed, two surveys before the smoking ban in years 2004 and 2005 (S1 and S2) and four after the ban in 2008, 2012, 2014 and 2016 (S4, S6, S7 and S8).

Non-pharmacological interventions for pollen-induced allergic symptoms: Systematic literature review.

Background: Allergic diseases pose a health problem worldwide. Pollen are widespread aeroallergens which can cause symptoms like shortness of breath, cough, itchy eyes, or rhinitis. Apart from preventive measures and pharmacological treatment, also non-pharmacological interventions have been suggested to reduce symptoms.

[Generation of an FAQ page on Dealing with Multi-resistant Pathogens at the Interface of Veterinary and Human Medicine].

Objective: The aims of this work were the systematic and evidence-based generation and answering of frequently asked questions (FAQ) regarding contact with multi-drug resistant pathogens (MDR) including aspects of veterinary and human medicine for the public health service (PHS) and the general population.

Methods: In order to determine the information needs of the population, guideline-based expert interviews with veterinarians and physicians were conducted in five surveys. In addition, information about the project was published in two journals and the participants were asked to submit open questions from their daily routine with respect to MDR.

Atopic diseases and airway-related symptoms in Bavarian pre-schoolers: determinants and association with immunization.

Background: Atopic diseases are among the most common chronic conditions in childhood. Causes of allergies are manifold. The aim of this paper is to evaluate risk factors for atopic diseases and unremitting wheeze and to examine if there is an association between measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccination and atopic dermatitis, asthma and unremitting wheeze in Bavarian pre-schoolers.

Medical care and treatment of children with asthmatic or wheezing health outcomes and urban-rural differences in Bavaria - a cross-sectional study.

Asthma is among the most common chronic conditions in children. The aim of this publication is to describe prevalence rates and factors associated with asthmatic or wheezing preschoolers and to evaluate medical care and treatment with regard to urban-rural differences. Data for this cross-sectional study were collected through a questionnaire, which was distributed to parents within the Health Monitoring Units in Bavaria (HMU), Germany.

Poststratification as a suitable approach to generalize findings of two cross-sectional studies along the Bavarian compulsory school entrance examination: An exemplary poststratified analysis for asthma, hay fever and wheezing.

Background: A compulsory school entrance examination of pre-school children (SEU) is administered in the German state of Bavaria. Every second year since 2004, the examinations are expanded in six study regions using a cross-sectional survey design (GME). However, the extent to which the results of the GME surveys are generalizable to the SEU population is unknown.

Building an automatic pollen monitoring network (ePIN): Selection of optimal sites by clustering pollen stations.

Airborne pollen is a recognized biological indicator and its monitoring has multiple uses such as providing a tool for allergy diagnosis and prevention. There is a knowledge gap related to the distribution of pollen traps needed to achieve representative biomonitoring in a region. The aim of this manuscript is to suggest a method for setting up a pollen network (monitoring method, monitoring conditions, number and location of samplers etc.

Asthmatic/wheezing phenotypes in preschool children: Influential factors, health care and urban-rural differences.

Background: Different wheezing and asthmatic phenotypes turned out to indicate differences in etiology, risk factors and health care. We examined influential factors and urban-rural differences for different phenotypes.

Methods: Parents of 4732 children filled out a questionnaire concerning children's health and environmental factors administered within the Health Monitoring Units (GME) in a cross-sectional study in Bavaria, Germany (2014/2015).

Exploring the associations between parent-reported biological indoor environment and airway-related symptoms and allergic diseases in children.

Objectives: Asthma and allergic rhinitis are diseases which require special attention in childhood. Risk factors for these diseases are manifold and include environmental factors. Previous studies have shown associations between indoor mould and respiratory diseases in children.