Skin microbiome dynamics in patients with polymorphic light eruption in response to UV radiations.

Background: Polymorphic light eruption (PLE) is the most frequent photodermatosis in Europe with an estimated prevalence of 10 to 20%, particularly in temperate climates. Itching or burning lesions appear only in sun-exposed areas, predominantly on the chest, the arms and forearms within a few hours following exposure. The disease's cause is still unknown, yet studies have suggested that skin microbial elements may play a role in its pathogenesis.

A salicylic acid-associated plant-microbe interaction attracts beneficial Flavobacterium sp. to the Arabidopsis thaliana phyllosphere.

Both above- and below-ground parts of plants are constantly challenged with microbes and interact closely with them. Many plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria, mostly interacting with the plant's root system, enhance the immunity of plants in a process described as induced systemic resistance (ISR). Here, we characterized local induced resistance (IR) triggered by the model PGPR Pseudomonas simiae WCS417r (WCS417) in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Comparative genomic analysis of strain B1 reveals conserved potential for adaptation to endophytism and plant growth promotion.

In our study, we aimed to explore the genomic and phenotypic traits of strain B1, which was isolated from root material of healthy apple plants, to adapt to the endophytic lifestyle and promote plant growth. We identified putative genes encoding proteins involved in chemotaxis, flagella biosynthesis, biofilm formation, secretory systems, detoxification, transporters, and transcription regulation. Furthermore, B1 exhibited both swarming and swimming motilities, along with biofilm formation.

Comparative Metagenomic Analysis of Bacteriophages and Prophages in Gnotobiotic Mouse Models.

Gnotobiotic murine models are important to understand microbiota-host interactions. Despite the role of bacteriophages as drivers for microbiome structure and function, there is no information about the structure and function of the gut virome in gnotobiotic models and the link between bacterial and bacteriophage/prophage diversity. We studied the virome of gnotobiotic murine Oligo-MM12 (12 bacterial species) and reduced Altered Schaedler Flora (ASF, three bacterial species).

Microbial signatures in amniotic fluid at preterm birth and association with bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Background: Microbiome dysbiosis can have long-lasting effects on our health and induce the development of various diseases. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a multifactorial disease with pre- and postnatal origins including intra-amniotic infection as main risk factor. Recently, postnatal pathologic lung microbiota colonization was associated with BPD.

Simplification of soil biota communities impairs nutrient recycling and enhances above- and belowground nitrogen losses.

Agriculture is a major source of nutrient pollution, posing a threat to the earth system functioning. Factors determining the nutrient use efficiency of plant-soil systems need to be identified to develop strategies to reduce nutrient losses while ensuring crop productivity. The potential of soil biota to tighten nutrient cycles by improving plant nutrition and reducing soil nutrient losses is still poorly understood.

Integrons, transposons and IS elements promote diversification of multidrug resistance plasmids and adaptation of their hosts to antibiotic pollutants from pharmaceutical companies.

Plasmids are important vehicles for the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) among bacteria by conjugation. Here, we determined the complete nucleotide sequences of nine different plasmids previously obtained by exogenous plasmid isolation from river and creek sediments and wastewater from a pharmaceutical company. We identified six IncP/P-1ε plasmids and single members of IncL, IncN and IncFII-like plasmids.

Biological soil crusts on agricultural soils of mesic regions promote microbial cross-kingdom co-occurrences and nutrient retention.

Introduction: Biological soil crusts (biocrusts) are known as biological hotspots on undisturbed, nutrient-poor bare soil surfaces and until now, are mostly observed in (semi-) arid regions but are currently poorly understood in agricultural systems. This is a crucial knowledge gap because managed sites of mesic regions can quickly cover large areas. Thus, we addressed the questions (i) if biocrusts from agricultural sites of mesic regions also increase nutrients and microbial biomass as their (semi-) arid counterparts, and (ii) how microbial community assemblage in those biocrusts is influenced by disturbances like different fertilization and tillage regimes.

Darier's disease exhibits a unique cutaneous microbial dysbiosis associated with inflammation and body malodour.

Background: Darier's disease (DD) is a genodermatosis caused by mutations of the ATP2A2 gene leading to disrupted keratinocyte adhesion. Recurrent episodes of skin inflammation and infections with a typical malodour in DD indicate a role for microbial dysbiosis. Here, for the first time, we investigated the DD skin microbiome using a metabarcoding approach of 115 skin swabs from 14 patients and 14 healthy volunteers.

The microbial composition of larval airways from Drosophila melanogaster differ between specimens from laboratory and natural habitats.

Background: The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster lives in natural habitats and has also long been used as a model organism in biological research. In this study, we used a molecular barcoding approach to analyse the airways microbiome of larvae of D. melanogaster, which were obtained from eggs of flies of the laboratory strain w and from immune deficient flies (NF-kB-K), and from wild-caught flies.

Resilience of barley (Hordeum vulgare) plants upon exposure to tramadol: Implication for the root-associated bacterial community and the antioxidative plant defence system.

Insufficiently treated reclaimed water can act as a source of contamination by introducing recalcitrant contaminants (e.g., pharmaceutical compounds) to various water bodies and/or agricultural soils after irrigation.

Draft Genome Sequence of the Bacterial Endophyte B1, Isolated from Roots of Apple ().

Over the past years, a number of important traits supporting plant growth have been shown for different strains of Priestia megaterium (formerly known as Bacillus megaterium). Here, we report the draft genome sequence of the endophytic bacterial strain B1, which was isolated from surface-sterilized roots of apple plants.

Novel sp. SCA7 Promotes Plant Growth in Two Plant Families and Induces Systemic Resistance in .

sp. SCA7, characterized in this study, was isolated from roots of the bread wheat . Sequencing and annotation of the complete SCA7 genome revealed that it represents a potential new sp.

Tracing long-distance electron transfer and cable bacteria in freshwater sediments by agar pillar gradient columns.

Cable bacteria (CB) perform electrogenic sulfur oxidation (e-SOx) by spatially separating redox half reactions over centimetre distances. For freshwater systems, the ecology of CB is not yet well understood, partly because they proved difficult to cultivate. This study introduces a new 'agar pillar' approach to selectively enrich and investigate CB populations.

Dynamics of Bacterial Root Endophytes of Plants Grown in Field Soils Affected by Apple Replant Disease.

Apple replant disease (ARD) is a worldwide problem for tree nurseries and orchards leading to reduced plant growth and fruit quality. The etiology of this complex phenomenon is poorly understood, but shifts of the bulk soil and rhizosphere microbiome seem to play an important role. Since roots are colonized by microbes from the rhizosphere, studies of the endophytic microbiome in relation to ARD are meaningful.

Complete Genome Sequence of sp. Strain INOP01, a Phosphate-Solubilizing Bacterium Isolated from an Agricultural Soil in Germany.

We report the complete genome sequence of the phosphate-solubilizing bacterium sp. strain INOP01, isolated from an agricultural field in Rostock, Germany. In addition to its phosphate-solubilizing ability, the genome contains genes coding for proteins involved in phosphate (P) acquisition from various sources.

Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of hydrogenotrophic denitrifiers.

Stimulating litho-autotrophic denitrification in aquifers with hydrogen is a promising strategy to remove excess NO , but it often entails accumulation of the cytotoxic intermediate NO and the greenhouse gas N O. To explore if these high NO and N O concentrations are caused by differences in the genomic composition, the regulation of gene transcription or the kinetics of the reductases involved, we isolated hydrogenotrophic denitrifiers from a polluted aquifer, performed whole-genome sequencing and investigated their phenotypes. We therefore assessed the kinetics of NO , NO, N O, N and O as they depleted O and transitioned to denitrification with NO as the only electron acceptor and hydrogen as the electron donor.

Complete Genome Sequences of Hydrogenotrophic Denitrifiers.

Hydrogenotrophic denitrifiers are important bacteria for nitrate removal in wastewater and aquifers. Here, we report the complete genome sequences of three hydrogenotrophic denitrifiers, namely, Dechloromonas denitrificans strain D110, Ferribacterium limneticum strain F76, and Hydrogenophaga taeniospiralis strain H3, all of which were isolated from a nitrate-polluted aquifer in Bavaria (Germany).

Complete Genome Sequences of Two sp. Strains with Large and Linear Chromosomes, Isolated from Apple Rhizosphere.

Members of the genus are usually able to catalyze a number of processes, which are of great interest for ecosystem performance as well as biotechnology. Here, we report the complete genome sequences of two strains that were isolated from rhizosphere soil from an apple orchard in northern Germany.

Pre-digest of unprotected DNA by Benzonase improves the representation of living skin bacteria and efficiently depletes host DNA.

Background: The identification of microbiota based on next-generation sequencing (NGS) of extracted DNA has drastically improved our understanding of the role of microbial communities in health and disease. However, DNA-based microbiome analysis cannot per se differentiate between living and dead microorganisms. In environments such as the skin, host defense mechanisms including antimicrobial peptides and low cutaneous pH result in a high microbial turnover, likely resulting in high numbers of dead cells present and releasing substantial amounts of microbial DNA.

sp. nov., a nitrate-reducing bacterium isolated from grassland soil.

A novel strain was isolated from grassland soil that has the potential to assimilate ammonium by the reduction of nitrate in the presence of oxygen. Whole genome sequence analysis revealed the presence of an assimilatory cytoplasmic nitrate reductase gene and the assimilatory nitrite reductase genes which are involved in the sequential reduction of nitrate to nitrite and further to ammonium, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the isolate represents a member of the genus .

Soil Bacterial Diversity Is Positively Correlated with Decomposition Rates during Early Phases of Maize Litter Decomposition.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of different levels of soil- and plant-associated bacterial diversity on the rates of litter decomposition, and bacterial community dynamics during its early phases. We performed an incubation experiment where soil bacterial diversity (but not abundance) was manipulated by autoclaving and reinoculation. Natural or autoclaved maize leaves were applied to the soils and incubated for 6 weeks.

Microbial Key Players Involved in P Turnover Differ in Artificial Soil Mixtures Depending on Clay Mineral Composition.

Nutrient turnover in soils is strongly driven by soil properties, including clay mineral composition. One main nutrient is phosphorus (P), which is known to be easily immobilized in soil. Therefore, the specific surface characteristics of clay minerals might substantially influence P availability in soil and thus the microbial strategies for accessing P pools.

Complete Genome Sequence of Lactococcus lactis subsp. G121, an Isolate with Allergy-Protective Features Derived from a Farming Environment.

Early childhood exposure to a farming environment has been found to be protective against asthma and other atopic disorders. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of subsp. G121, which was isolated from the kitchen of a farm in Bavaria (Germany) and is recognized for its allergy-protective properties.