The Impact of Playworks on Students' Physical Activity by Race/Ethnicity: Findings from a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The Playworks program places coaches in low-income urban schools to engage students in physical activity during recess. The purpose of this study was to estimate the impact of Playworks on students' physical activity separately for Hispanic, non-Hispanic black, and non-Hispanic white students.

Methods: Twenty-seven schools from 6 cities were randomly assigned to treatment and control groups.

The impact of playworks on boys' and girls' physical activity during recess.

Background: School-based programs, such as Playworks, that guide students in organized activities during recess and make improvements to the recess play yard may lead to significant increases in physical activity-especially for girls. This study builds on past research by investigating the impact of Playworks separately for girls and boys.

Methods: Twenty-nine schools were randomly assigned to receive Playworks for 1 school year or serve as a control group.

The impact of Playworks on students' physical activity during recess: findings from a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of Playworks on students' physical activity during recess.

Method: Twenty-seven elementary schools from six U.S.

Estimated Distributions of Usual Physical Activity during Recess.

Purpose: This study aimed to estimate distributions of usual physical activity during recess in schools in low-income areas using measurement error models and to compare model-adjusted distributions to unadjusted distributions based on a single day of measurement.

Methods: A randomized study of the Playworks program was conducted in 29 schools from six U.S.

The effectiveness of mandatory-random student drug testing: a cluster randomized trial.

Purpose: This article presents findings from the largest experimental evaluation to date of school-based mandatory-random student drug testing (MRSDT). The study tested the effectiveness of MRSDT in reducing substance use among high school students.

Methods: Cluster randomized trial included 36 high schools and more than 4,700 9th through 12th grade students.

Community case management for former jail inmates: its impacts on rearrest, drug use, and HIV risk.

Dramatically increasing incarceration rates in the United States have led to large concentrations of formerly imprisoned people in poverty-stricken urban areas. Therefore, identifying ways to help inmates who exhibit multiple, serious problems and who are at great risk of experiencing poor postrelease outcomes is especially important to urban communities, as well as to service providers and policymakers concerned about these communities. Our research provides evidence about the effectiveness of one strategy, called Health Link, which recruited adult women and adolescent men while they were incarcerated in a New York City jail and offered case management services during the especially challenging first year after release.