Concomitant sarcoidosis, psoriasis, and eczema - immune patterns on the skin.

Sarcoidosis is a rare and elusive chronic inflammatory disease. It can manifest itself in any organ, but preferentially affects the lungs and the skin. Our case of an elderly woman with cutaneous and pulmonary sarcoidosis presented with exacerbated itchy, scaly skin changes to our department.

Darier's disease exhibits a unique cutaneous microbial dysbiosis associated with inflammation and body malodour.

Background: Darier's disease (DD) is a genodermatosis caused by mutations of the ATP2A2 gene leading to disrupted keratinocyte adhesion. Recurrent episodes of skin inflammation and infections with a typical malodour in DD indicate a role for microbial dysbiosis. Here, for the first time, we investigated the DD skin microbiome using a metabarcoding approach of 115 skin swabs from 14 patients and 14 healthy volunteers.

Fast raster-scan optoacoustic mesoscopy enables assessment of human melanoma microvasculature in vivo.

Melanoma is associated with angiogenesis and vascular changes that may extend through the entire skin depth. Three-dimensional imaging of vascular characteristics in skin lesions could therefore allow diagnostic insights not available by conventional visual inspection. Raster-scan optoacoustic mesoscopy (RSOM) images microvasculature through the entire skin depth with resolutions of tens of micrometers; however, current RSOM implementations are too slow to overcome the strong breathing motions on the upper torso where melanoma lesions commonly occur.

Cutaneous sarcomas.

Cutaneous sarcomas comprise a heterogeneous group of mesenchymal spindle cell tumors of the dermis and subcutis, one of the best-known entities being dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. Other sarcomas addressed in this review include atypical fibroxanthoma, cutaneous undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, liposarcoma, and angiosarcoma. With the exception of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, which has its peak incidence in middle-aged adults, cutaneous sarcomas usually occur in elderly individuals starting in the sixth or seventh decade of life.

Kutane Sarkome.

Cutaneous sarcomas comprise a heterogeneous group of mesenchymal spindle cell tumors of the dermis and subcutis, one of the best-known entities being dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. Other sarcomas addressed in this review include a typical fibroxanthoma, cutaneous undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, liposarcoma, and angiosarcoma. With the exception of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, which has its peak incidence in middle-aged adults, cutaneous sarcomas usually occur in elderly individuals starting in the sixth or seventh decade of life.

A model for the development of human IgD-only B cells: Genotypic analyses suggest their generation in superantigen driven immune responses.

Human peripheral blood (PB) B cells expressing only IgD and tonsillar IgD-secreting plasma cells carry highly mutated V(H) genes and show preferential Iglambda usage. To further characterize these peculiar cells and gain insight into their generation, we analysed rearranged V(H) and V(L) genes of single IgD-only lambda(+) PB B cells and IgD(+) plasma cells from four individuals each. We demonstrate that the high somatic hypermutation activity in these cells is not restricted to V(H) genes but also present in V(L) genes.

Thyroid fetal male microchimerisms in mothers with thyroid disorders: presence of Y-chromosomal immunofluorescence in thyroid-infiltrating lymphocytes is more prevalent in Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Graves' disease than in follicular adenomas.

The presence of fetal cells in a maternal compartment is defined as fetal-maternal microchimerism, which has been detected in thyroids of mothers suffering from autoimmunity. We analyzed the immunohistology of paraffin-embedded thyroid specimen taken at surgery from 49 women with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (n = 25), Graves' disease (n = 15), or nodular or diffuse follicular adenomas (n = 9), whose childbirth history was positive for sons. By fluorescence in situ hybridization we screened for X-chromosome- and Y-chromosome-specific staining and compared the finding with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DQ types of the mothers and, where available, their offspring.

Expression of ZAP-70 protein correlates with disease stage in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and is associated with, but not generally restricted to, non-mutated Ig VH status.

The mutational status of immunoglobulin variable region genes (Ig VH) is a well established prognostic parameter in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Recently, a subset of genes with a characteristic expression profile correlating with the mutational status of B-CLLs has been identified. One of the overexpressed genes in the prognostically unfavorable group of CLL patients with unmutated Ig VH genes encodes for the protein tyrosine kinase ZAP-70, which is physiologically involved in T-cell signaling.

Expression patterns of transcription factors in progressively transformed germinal centers and Hodgkin lymphoma.

The World Health Organization (WHO) classification of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) distinguishes two types: Classical Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL) and nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL). Both groups have in common that they mostly derive from B cells with rare classical cases originating from T cells. They differ in their histomorphology, immunophenotype, and clinical behavior.