Pulse rate and behavioral state correlates after auditory, tactile, visual, and vestibular intervention in drug-exposed neonates.

Objective: Compare responses of nonexposed and drug-exposed newborns to auditory, tactile, visual, and vestibular (ATVV) intervention.

Study Design: Prospective design with random assignment of drug-exposed (N=45) and nonexposed (N=72) newborns to control and experimental groups.

Methods: Experimentals received 15 minutes of ATVV twice after birth.