The Ketone Bridge Between the Heart and the Bladder: How Fast Should We Go?

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is associated with both cardiovascular and bladder dysfunction. Insulin resistance (IR) and central obesity, in particular, are the main risk factors. In these patients, vicious pathological cycles exacerbate abnormal carbohydrate metabolism and sustain an inflammatory state, with serious implications for both the heart and bladder.

Stereotactic anatomy of the third ventricle.

Purpose: Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) is a surgical procedure that can lead to complications and requires detailed preoperative planning. This study aimed to provide a more accurate understanding of the anatomy of the third ventricle and the location of important structures to improve the safety and success of ETV.

Methods: We measured the stereotactic coordinates of six points of interest relative to a predefined stereotactic reference point in 23 cadaver brain hemi-sections, 200 normal brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, and 24 hydrocephalic brain MRI scans.

Tractography dissection variability: What happens when 42 groups dissect 14 white matter bundles on the same dataset?

White matter bundle segmentation using diffusion MRI fiber tractography has become the method of choice to identify white matter fiber pathways in vivo in human brains. However, like other analyses of complex data, there is considerable variability in segmentation protocols and techniques. This can result in different reconstructions of the same intended white matter pathways, which directly affects tractography results, quantification, and interpretation.

Brain metastases from breast cancer.

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is one of the commonest causes of brain metastases (BM): approximately 10-16 % of patients diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer will eventually develop BM during the course of their disease, however, certain subtypes have a higher risk of this event. The aim of this analysis was therefore to evaluate the prognosis and the pattern and imaging features of BM according to different BC subtypes.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the case records of patients with breast cancer and evidence of brain metastases from the database of IPO Porto between 2014-2018.

Morphology and Navigational Landmarks of the Cranio-orbital Foramen in a Portuguese Population.

Purpose: The cranio-orbital and accessory foramina are located in the lateral wall of the orbit and adjacent to the superior orbital fissure. In the literature, there is a lack of consistency concerning the location and morphology of these foramina in different populations. Therefore, considering its clinical importance during orbital surgeries, it was the authors' aim to determine the incidence, location, and number of cranio-orbital and accessory foramina in a Portuguese population and compare the findings with data from other studies.