Sex and Gender Differences in Weight-Related Biopsychosocial Factors Among Adults Receiving Buprenorphine for Opioid Use Disorder.

Introduction: Medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) is the most efficacious treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD). MOUD uptake and continuation may be impacted by health concerns, including weight gain, and social factors, such as food insecurity, that vary between men and women. This study aimed to describe sex and gender differences in body mass index (BMI) and weight-related demographic, psychosocial, and clinical characteristics among adults receiving buprenorphine for OUD.

Liver transplant recipients have worse metabolic body phenotype compared with matched non-transplant controls.

Background And Aim: Quantification of body compartments, particularly the interaction between adipose tissue and skeletal muscle, is emerging as novel a biomarker of metabolic health. The present study evaluated the impact of liver transplant (LT) on body compartments.

Methods: Totally 66 adult LT recipients were enrolled in whom body compartments including visceral adipose tissue (VAT), abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (ASAT), muscle fat infiltration (MFI), fat-free muscle volume (FFMV), and liver fat (LF) were quantified via whole body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Reduced metabolic flexibility is a predictor of weight gain among liver transplant recipients.

Metabolic flexibility is the ability to match biofuel availability to utilization and is inversely associated with increased metabolic burden among liver transplant (LT) recipients. The present study evaluated the impact of metabolic flexibility on weight gain following LT. LT recipients were enrolled prospectively (n = 47) and followed for 6 months.

Differential fuel utilization in liver transplant recipients and its relationship with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Unlabelled: Metabolic flexibility is the ability to match biofuel availability to utilization. Reduced metabolic flexibility, or lower fatty acid (FA) oxidation in the fasted state, is associated with obesity. The present study evaluated metabolic flexibility after liver transplantation (LT).

Clinical Use of a Real-World Low Carbohydrate Diet Resulting in Reduction of Insulin Dose, Hemoglobin A1c, and Weight.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is increasing in epidemic proportions. In addition to the morbidity and mortality, for those treated with insulin, the physical, psychological, and financial tolls are often greater. Our real-world study evaluated a Low Carbohydrate Diet (LCD) in patients with T2DM on insulin with respect to glycemic control, insulin reduction, and weight loss.

SUCCESSFUL REIMPLEMENTATION OF A VERY LOW CARBOHYDRATE KETOGENIC DIET AFTER SGLT2 INHIBITOR ASSOCIATED EUGLYCEMIC DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS.

Objective: We report a case of a successful reimplementation of a very low carbohydrate ketogenic diet (VLCKD) after a case of euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (euDKA).

Methods: A 42-year-old female with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus on a self-administered VLCKD was prescribed a sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor. Two weeks after initiation, she presented with nausea and vomiting and was found to be in euDKA which was treated with fluid resuscitation, insulin infusion, and cessation of the SGLT2 inhibitor.

Practice, clinician, and patient factors associated with the adoption of lung cancer screening.

Objectives: Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. In 2013, the US Preventive Services Task Force recommended annual screening for lung cancer with low-dose computed tomography in adults meeting certain criteria. This study seeks to assess lung cancer screening uptake in three health systems.

Office-Based Weight Loss Counseling Is Ineffective in Liver Transplant Recipients.

Background: Weight gain after liver transplantation (LT) is a predictor of major morbidity and mortality post-LT; however, there are no data regarding weight loss following LT. The current study evaluates the effectiveness of standard lifestyle intervention in LT recipients.

Methods: All adult LT recipients with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m who followed up in post-LT clinic from January 2013 to January 2016 were given standard lifestyle advice based on societal recommendations which was reinforced at 24 weeks.

The Relationship Between Hypoadiponectinemia and Cardiovascular Events in Liver Transplant Recipients.

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality after liver transplantation (LT). Serum adiponectin levels inversely correlate with CVD-related outcomes, but the relationship between hypoadiponectinemia and CVD after LT is unknown. Thus, the aim of the present study was to prospectively evaluate this relationship in LT recipients (LTR).

Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Patients' Perceptions of the Patient Portal Experience with OpenNotes.

Background: Access to medical encounter notes (OpenNotes) is believed to empower patients and improve the quality and safety of care. The impact of such access is not well understood beyond select health care systems and notes from primary care providers.

Objectives: This article analyzes patients' perceptions about the patient portal experience with access to primary care and specialist's notes and evaluates free-text comments as an improvement opportunity.

2017 American College of Rheumatology Guideline for the Prevention and Treatment of Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis.

Objective: To develop recommendations for prevention and treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP).

Methods: We conducted a systematic review to synthesize the evidence for the benefits and harms of GIOP prevention and treatment options. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation methodology was used to rate the quality of evidence.

2017 American College of Rheumatology Guideline for the Prevention and Treatment of Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis.

Objective: To develop recommendations for prevention and treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP).

Methods: We conducted a systematic review to synthesize the evidence for the benefits and harms of GIOP prevention and treatment options. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation methodology was used to rate the quality of evidence.

The Impact of Integrated Psychological Services in a Safety Net Primary Care Clinic on Medical Utilization.

Objective: The integration of psychological and behavioral health services into safety net primary care clinics has been viewed as a step toward reducing disparities in mental health treatment and addressing behavioral factors in chronic diseases. Though it is posited that integrated behavioral health (IBH) reduces preventable medical costs, this premise has yet to be tested in a safety net primary care clinic.

Method: Retrospective pre- and posttreatment analysis with quasi-experimental control group was constructed using propensity score matching.

Reported Use of Electronic Health Records to Implement Evidence Based Approaches to Colorectal Cancer Screening in Community Health Centers.

Background: Community health centers (CHCs) are critical sources of primary care for medically underserved populations. Electronic health records (EHRs) are important for implementation of evidence-based approaches for cancer control.

Methods: Cross-sectional study of CHCs from the Cancer Prevention Control Research Network's community health center Clinic Characteristics Survey.

Provider and Patient Perceptions of an External Medication History Function.

Objectives: To determine the awareness and use of an external medication history (EMH) function within an electronic health record and its impact on patient perception of medication adherence.

Methods: Two self-administered surveys were given: one to providers and one to patients. Participants included providers from an academic medical center and patients from 2 general internal medicine clinics.

MyPreventiveCare: implementation and dissemination of an interactive preventive health record in three practice-based research networks serving disadvantaged patients--a randomized cluster trial.

Background: Evidence-based preventive services for early detection of cancer and other health conditions offer profound health benefits, yet Americans receive only half of indicated services. Policy initiatives promote the adoption of information technologies to engage patients in care. We developed a theory-driven interactive preventive health record (IPHR) to engage patients in health promotion.

A peculiar cause of anaphylaxis: no more steak? The journey to discovery of a newly recognized allergy to galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose found in mammalian meat.

In recent years, a newly recognized allergic disease has been uncovered, and seemingly idiopathic causes of anaphylaxis now have an explanation. Individuals bitten by the lone star tick may develop IgE antibodies to the carbohydrate galactose-α-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal). Upon exposure of sensitized subjects to mammalian meat containing alpha-gal on glycoproteins or glycolipids, delayed anaphylaxis may ensue, often three to six hours after ingestion.