Runs of homozygosity associated with speech delay in autism in a taiwanese han population: evidence for the recessive model.

Runs of homozygosity (ROH) may play a role in complex diseases. In the current study, we aimed to test if ROHs are linked to the risk of autism and related language impairment. We analyzed 546,080 SNPs in 315 Han Chinese affected with autism and 1,115 controls.

A randomized controlled trial of risperidone and olanzapine for schizophrenic patients with neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia.

Objective: To compare the efficacy of risperidone and olanzapine in schizophrenic patients with tardive dyskinesia on treatment with first-generation antipsychotics.

Method: We conducted a 24-week, rater-blinded, flexible-dose study. Sixty patients with DSM-IV schizophrenia (n = 58) or schizoaffective disorder (n = 2) met the DSM-IV research criteria for neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia and were randomly assigned to a risperidone or olanzapine group.

Improved body weight and metabolic outcomes in overweight or obese psychiatric patients switched to amisulpride from other atypical antipsychotics.

Switching to a different second-generation antipsychotic (SGA) with a lower risk of weight gain is recommended for overweight or obese psychiatric patients undergoing SGA treatment. However, there have been no complete reports regarding the long-term metabolic effects of switching to amisulpride. In this open-label 1-year study, we investigated the effects on body weight and other metabolic profiles when psychiatric patients treated with another SGA were switched to amisulpride treatment.

Relationship of attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder symptoms, depressive/anxiety symptoms, and life quality in young men.

Aim: Attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) continues to be among the most frequently missed of psychiatric diagnoses in adults because its presentation in adulthood so often mimics those of better-known disorders. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between ADHD symptoms, depression/anxiety symptoms, and life quality in young men.

Methods: Nine hundred and twenty-nine draftees into the Taiwanese army completed the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS), the World Health Organization (WHO) Quality of Life-Brief Version, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, the second edition of the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Beck Anxiety Scale.

Validation of attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder subtypes among Taiwanese children using neuropsychological functioning.

Objective: The findings regarding the validity of attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) subtypes using neuropsychological functioning have been inconsistent; and no such study has been conducted in an ethnic Chinese population. The aim of the present paper was therefore to examine the validity of attention tasks in distinguishing the ADHD-combined type (ADHD-C) from the ADHD-inattention type (ADHD-I), as compared to children without ADHD in Taiwan.

Methods: Participants included 52 children with ADHD-C, 17 with ADHD-I, and 52 controls, aged 7-10 years.

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial on once-daily atomoxetine in Taiwanese children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of the once-daily atomoxetine compared with placebo in pediatric patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in Taiwan.

Method: The study sample included 106 patients aged 6-16 years who met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV) criteria of ADHD randomly assigned to atomoxetine once daily (n = 72) and placebo once daily (n = 34) in a double-blind, 6-week treatment study. The primary efficacy measure was the total score of the ADHD Rating Scale-IV Parents Version: Investigator Administered and Scored.

Association between sleep problems and symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in young adults.

Study Objective: To examine the association between sleep-related problems and symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in a community sample of young adults in Taiwan.

Design: A college-based cross-sectional survey.

Participants: Two thousand two hundred eighty-four first-year college students (aged 18-20) in a university in Taiwan.

Psychiatric and psychosocial predictors of substance use disorders among adolescents: longitudinal study.

Background: Few studies have prospectively examined psychosocial and psychiatric predictors of adolescent substance use disorders simultaneously.

Aims: To identify psychosocial and psychiatric predictors of substance use disorders in adolescence.

Method: School children aged 12 years (s.

Determinants of adherence to methylphenidate and the impact of poor adherence on maternal and family measures.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the association between adherence to immediate-release methylphenidate (IR MPH) and maternal psychological distress, parenting style, parent- child relationship, and perceived family support.

Methods: The sample consisted of 307 children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (271 boys and 36 girls), 6-17 years of age, who had been treated with IR MPH for the past 6 months. The measures included the Chinese Health Questionnaire, Parental Bonding Instrument, Family APGAR, and Home Behaviors of the Social Adjustment Inventory for Children and Adolescents.

Development of a chinese version of the Yale-Brown obsessive compulsive scale for heavy drinking.

Background: Measurement of craving is an important component in the investigation of the etiology and clinical pictures of alcoholism and dependence of other substances in different cultures. The aim of this study was to develop a Chinese version of the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale for heavy drinking (YBOCS-hd-C), the instrument most frequently used in assessing the severity of alcohol craving in Taiwan.

Methods: Four hundred twenty Han Chinese (220 with alcohol use disorders) and 218 Bunun aborigines (150 with alcohol use disorders) in Taiwan were interviewed by mental health professionals with the YBOCS-hd-C and a Chinese version of the World Health Organization Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry to establish the psychiatric diagnosis.

A 3-year panel study of mental disorders among adolescents in Taiwan.

Objective: This study investigated the prevalence and changing trends of mental disorders and the effects of gender and urbanization among adolescents in Taiwan.

Method: A random sample of seventh-grade students (N=1,070) was recruited from one urban and one rural junior high school in which 1,051 (98.2%) and 1,035 (96.

Mental illness and accidental death. Case-control psychological autopsy study.

Background: Few studies have systematically investigated the psychiatric antecedents of accidental death.

Aims: To examine the patterns of psychiatric morbidities contributing to accidental death in three ethnic groups (Han, Ami and Atayal) in Taiwan.

Method: A case-control psychological autopsy was conducted among 90 accidental deaths (randomly selected from a total of 413) and 180 living controls matched for age, gender, ethnicity and area of residence in Taiwan.