Toxicological evaluation of 6:2 fluorotelomer alcohol.

6:2 fluorotelomer alcohol (6:2 FTOH; CF3[CF2]5[CH2]2OH, CAS# 647-42-7) was evaluated for acute, genetic, and subchronic toxicity using in vitro and in vivo methods. In rats, 6:2 FTOH was considered to be slightly toxic by the oral (LD50=1,750 mg/kg), and dermal (LD50 > 5,000 mg/kg) routes. In rabbits, 6:2 FTOH was not a primary skin or eye irritant, and it did not produce a dermal sensitization response in mice.

Evaluation of the reproductive and developmental toxicity of 6:2 fluorotelomer alcohol in rats.

6:2 Fluorotelomer alcohol (6:2 FTOH) was evaluated for potential developmental and reproductive toxicity. 6:2 FTOH was administered by oral gavage to Sprague-Dawley rats as a suspension in 0.5% aqueous methylcellulose at dosages of 5, 25, 125, or 250 mg/kg/day.

Subchronic feeding study of grain from herbicide-tolerant maize DP-Ø9814Ø-6 in Sprague-Dawley rats.

This 13-week feeding study conducted in Sprague-Dawley rats evaluated the potential health effects from long-term consumption of a rodent diet formulated with grain from genetically modified (GM), herbicide-tolerant maize DP-Ø9814Ø-6 (98140; trade name Optimum GAT (Optimum GAT is a registered trademark of Pioneer Hi-Bred)). Metabolic inactivation of the herbicidal active ingredient glyphosate was conferred by genomic integration and expression of a gene-shuffled acetylase coding sequence, gat4621, from Bacillus licheniformis; tolerance to acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibiting herbicides was conferred by overexpression of a modified allele (zm-hra) of the endogenous maize ALS enzyme that is resilient to inactivation. Milled maize grain from untreated (98140) and herbicide-treated (98140+Gly/SU) plants, the conventional non-transgenic, near-isogenic control (091), and three commercial non-transgenic reference hybrids (33J56, 33P66, and 33R77) was substituted at concentrations of 35-38% w/w into a common rodent chow formula (PMI) Nutrition International, LLC Certified Rodent LabDiet 5002) and fed to rats (12/sex/group) for at least 91 consecutive days.

Mutagenicity studies with N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid.

Analytical studies have reported that N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid (NAA) is present at low concentrations in many foods. The current studies were conducted to assess the mutagenicity of NAA using standard OECD guideline in vitro bacterial and in vivo mammalian mutagenicity studies. For comparison and control data, mutagenicity studies were also conducted with its constituent amino acid L-aspartate (ASP) because NAA is metabolized to ASP.

Fractional contribution of major ions to the membrane potential of Drosophila melanogaster oocytes.

In ovarian follicles of Drosophila melanogaster, ion substitution experiments revealed that K(+) is the greatest contributor (68%) in setting oocyte steady-state potential (E(m)), while Mg(2+) and a metabolic component account for the rest. Because of the intense use made of Drosophila ovarian follicles in many lines of research, it is important to know how changes in the surrounding medium, particularly in major diffusible ions, may affect the physiology of the cells. The contributions made to the Drosophila oocyte membrane potential (E(m)) by [Na(+)](o), [K(+)](o), [Mg(2+)](o), [Ca(2+)](o), [Cl(-)](o), and pH (protons) were determined by substitutions made to the composition of the incubation medium.

Subchronic feeding study of high oleic acid soybeans (Event DP-3Ø5423-1) in Sprague-Dawley rats.

DP-3Ø5423-1 (305423) is a genetically-modified (GM) soybean that was produced by biolistic insertion of a gm-fad2-1 gene fragment and the gm-hra gene into the germline of soybean seeds. The gm-fad2-1 gene fragment cosuppresses expression of the endogenous FAD2-1 gene encoding the seed-specific omega-6 fatty acid desaturase resulting in higher concentrations of oleic acid (18:1) relative to linoleic acid (18:2). The gm-hra gene encoding a modified acetolactate synthase (ALS) enzyme was used as a selectable marker.

Subchronic, reproductive, and developmental toxicity of a fluorotelomer-based urethane polymeric product.

A commercial fluorotelomer-based urethane polymeric dispersion, consisting of polymer, surfactant, and water, was evaluated in subchronic, reproduction, and developmental toxicity studies. The dispersion was administered daily by gavage to rats at dosages of 0, 50, 250, or 1000 mg polymer/kg/day or with 70 mg/kg/day of the sulfonate surfactant. Dose levels of 0, 50, 250, or 1000 mg polymer/kg/day were also used for the reproductive and developmental studies.

Subchronic feeding study of herbicide-tolerant soybean DP-356Ø43-5 in Sprague-Dawley rats.

Optimum GAT1 soybean is a genetically modified (GM) soybean containing event DP-356Ø43-5 (356043) that was produced by integration of the coding sequences of the GAT4601 and GM-HRA proteins. In planta expression of these proteins confers tolerance to glyphosate and sulfonylurea/imidazolinone herbicides, respectively. This paper reports the results from a subchronic rat feeding study conducted with 356043 soybeans.

Acute and repeated dose oral toxicity of N-acetyl-l-aspartic acid in Sprague-Dawley rats.

N-acetyl-l-aspartic acid (NAA) is a constituent of the mammalian central nervous system (CNS) that has been identified in a number of commonly consumed foods. The current study reports the outcome of acute and repeated dose oral toxicology studies conducted with NAA in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. No mortalities or evidence of adverse effects were observed in SD rats following acute oral administration of 2000mg/kg NAA.

Evaluation of the reproductive and developmental toxicity of a fluoroalkylethanol mixture.

The objective of these studies was to evaluate the reproductive and developmental toxicity of a commercial fluoroalkylethanol mixture, which is an intermediate in the production of fluorotelomers. The test substance was administered daily by gavage to Sprague-Dawley rats as a suspension in 0.5% aqueous methylcellulose.

Developmental toxicity study of dimethylpiperidone.

The potential maternal and developmental toxicity of dimethylpiperidone (DMPD) was assessed in rats. Groups of 25 mated female Crl:CD (SD)IGS BR rats were exposed by inhalation (whole-body exposures) for approximately six hours per day over days 7-21 of gestation (G); day 1G was the day of copulation plug detection. The exposure levels were 0, 52, 260, or 340 (vapor plus aerosol) mg/m3 DMPD.