Lessons learned: Why study-abroad remains a critical component of nursing curriculums.

Background: Caring for an increasingly older and multicultural patient population requires nurses and APNs who are able to integrate cultural competency in meeting the needs of their patients while decreasing health care disparities. A study-abroad immersion experience is one way to instill deep learning and cultural competency.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand the lived experience of baccalaureate nursing students and APN students working together in a study-abroad, service-learning experience.

A clinical consensus guideline for nutrition in infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia from birth through discharge.

Objective: To develop a consensus guideline to meet nutritional challenges faced by infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH).

Study Design: The CDH Focus Group utilized a modified Delphi method to develop these clinical consensus guidelines (CCG). Topic leaders drafted recommendations after literature review and group discussion.

Assessing the impact of community-based interventions on hypertension and diabetes management in three Minnesota communities: Findings from the prospective evaluation of US HealthRise programs.

Background: Community-based health interventions are increasingly viewed as models of care that can bridge healthcare gaps experienced by underserved communities in the United States (US). With this study, we sought to assess the impact of such interventions, as implemented through the US HealthRise program, on hypertension and diabetes among underserved communities in Hennepin, Ramsey, and Rice Counties, Minnesota.

Methods And Findings: HealthRise patient data from June 2016 to October 2018 were assessed relative to comparison patients in a difference-in-difference analysis, quantifying program impact on reducing systolic blood pressure (SBP) and hemoglobin A1c, as well as meeting clinical targets (< 140 mmHg for hypertension, < 8% Al1c for diabetes), beyond routine care.

Medium-Term Real-World Outcomes of Minimally Invasive Surgical Therapies for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Water Vapor Thermal Therapy (Rezum) Prostatic Urethral Lift (UroLift) in a High-Volume Urban Academic Center.

Water vapor thermal therapy (WVTT, i.e., Rezum) and prostatic urethral lift (PUL, i.

Effect of Triton X-100 on the Activity and Selectivity of Lipase Immobilized on Chemically Reduced Graphene Oxides.

The effect of support hydrophobicity on lipase activity and substrate selectivity was investigated with and without Triton X-100 (TX-100). Lipases from (TL) and (QLM) were immobilized on graphene oxide (GO) and a range of chemically reduced graphene oxides (CRGOs) with different levels of surface hydrophobicity. Activity assays using 4-hydroxy--propyl-1,8-naphthalimide (NAP) esters of varying chain lengths (NAP-butyrate (NAP-B), NAP-octanoate (NAP-O), and NAP-palmitate (NAP-P)) showed that the activity of immobilized QLM and TL decreased by more than 60% on GO and 80% on CRGO (2 h), with activity decreasing further as surface hydrophobicity of the CRGOs increased.

Lipase-catalysed synthesis of mono- and di-acyl esters of glyceryl caffeate in propylene carbonate and their antioxidant properties in tuna oil.

Development of new non-toxic antioxidants with diverse hydrophobic properties is important due to growing concerns about the toxicity of artificial oil-soluble antioxidants, the comparatively low effectiveness of natural options, and the complex role hydrophobicity plays in antioxidant effectiveness. Using caffeic acid, a naturally occurring phenolic acid with potent antioxidant activity, a range of glyceryl caffeate esters (decanoate and palmitate) were prepared using lipase-catalysed esterification reactions. Glyceryl-1-caffeate (GC) was prepared from ethyl caffeate and glycerol (acting as both the solvent and the substrate), catalysed by immobilised Candida Antarctica lipase B (Novozym-435) at 80 °C under vacuum.

Immobilisation of lipase on a highly hydrophobic support: A stable immobilised lipase suitable for non-aqueous synthesis.

Lipase from (CrL) was immobilised on highly hydrophobic, octadecyl methacrylate resin (Lifetech™ ECR8806M) via interfacial adsorption. The aim was to produce a stable biocatalyst suitable for use in a range of lipid-modifying reactions. Immobilisation was carried out in 10 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.

Community-based interventions for detection and management of diabetes and hypertension in underserved communities: a mixed-methods evaluation in Brazil, India, South Africa and the USA.

Introduction: As non-communicable disease (NCD) burden rises worldwide, community-based programmes are a promising strategy to bridge gaps in NCD care. The HealthRise programme sought to improve hypertension and diabetes management for underserved communities in nine sites across Brazil, India, South Africa and the USA between 2016 and 2018. This study presents findings from the programme's endline evaluation.

A Qualitative Evaluation of a Clinical Faculty Mentorship Program Using a Realist Evaluation Approach.

Objective: Clinically focused faculty (full-time clinical faculty and clinician educators) comprise an increasing proportion of academic faculty, yet they underutilize mentorship nationally. The aims of this study were to test and refine a program theory for an institutional mentorship program for junior clinically focused faculty and to understand the facilitators and barriers of sustained participation.

Methods: We conducted a qualitative study using a realist evaluation approach.

Polydatin-fatty acid conjugates are effective antioxidants for stabilizing omega 3-containing bulk fish oil and fish oil emulsions.

Candida antarctica lipase B-catalysed synthesis of lipophilic esters of polydatin was investigated along with their antioxidant activities. The effects of synthesis parameters such as solvent, substrate molar ratio, enzyme concentration, addition of molecular sieves, reaction temperature and time on the production of ester were studied and optimised. The highest production of esters was obtained with acetone as the reaction solvent.

NICU Discharge Feeding Bundle Improves Accuracy of Postdischarge Feeding Preparation and Potentially Prevents Readmission.

Background: Hospitalized infants often need fortified human milk and formulas for growth in the neonatal intensive care unit and postdischarge. Parents must learn how to properly mix infant feedings.At the initial Children's Hospital Colorado follow-up visit, baseline data revealed a 50% rate of mixing inaccuracy of discharge feeding recipes and identified the readmission of 2 infants with life-threatening hypernatremia.

Quantifying Graphene Oxide Reduction Using Spectroscopic Techniques: A Chemometric Analysis.

The surface chemistry of graphene oxide (GO) can be modified by the chemical reduction of oxygen-containing groups using L-ascorbic acid (L-AA). Being able to "tune" the surface hydrophobicity of GO in a controlled manner, with a well-defined level of reduction, provides a valuable tool for understanding and controlling interactions with hydrophobic surfaces. Numerous analytical and chemical methods have been used to determine the extent of reduction in chemically reduced graphene oxide (CRGO) samples.

Controlling enzyme function through immobilisation on graphene, graphene derivatives and other two dimensional nanomaterials.

Robust enzyme immobilisation methods that preserve enzyme activity while enabling enzymes to be recovered and reused multiple times have important applications in biocatalysis. However, immobilisation can change the functionality of enzymes, both in terms of their level of activity and their selectivity. These changes in activity are unpredictable and at present cannot be controlled, but if fully understood at a fundamental level could offer the opportunity to create highly targetted enzyme systems for specific applications.

A simplified method for active-site titration of lipases immobilised on hydrophobic supports.

The aim of this work was to develop a simple and accurate protocol to measure the functional active site concentration of lipases immobilised on highly hydrophobic supports. We used the potent lipase inhibitor methyl 4-methylumbelliferyl hexylphosphonate to titrate the active sites of Candida rugosa lipase (CrL) bound to three highly hydrophobic supports: octadecyl methacrylate (C18), divinylbenzene crosslinked methacrylate (DVB) and styrene. The method uses correction curves to take into account the binding of the fluorophore (4-methylumbelliferone, 4-MU) by the support materials.

Raman Spectroscopy of Fish Oil Capsules: Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Quantitation Plus Detection of Ethyl Esters and Oxidation.

Fish oils are the primary dietary source of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), but these compounds are prone to oxidation, and commercial fish oil supplements sometimes contain less PUFA than claimed. These supplements are predominantly sold in softgel capsules. In this work, we show that Fourier transform (FT)-Raman spectra of fish oils (n = 5) and ω-3 PUFA concentrates (n = 6) can be acquired directly through intact softgel (gelatin) capsules.

Implementation of Feeding Guidelines Hastens the Time to Initiation of Enteral Feeds and Improves Growth Velocity in Very Low Birth-Weight Infants.

Background: Growth and nutrition are critical in neonatal care. Whether feeding guidelines improve growth and nutrition and reduce morbidity is unknown.

Purpose: Feeding guidelines for very low birth-weight (VLBW) infants were implemented in our neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to start and achieve full enteral feeds sooner, and increase weight gain over the first month.

4-Hydroxy-N-propyl-1,8-naphthalimide esters: New fluorescence-based assay for analysing lipase and esterase activity.

Research using 1,8-naphthalimide derivatives has expanded rapidly in recent years owing to their cell-permeable nature, ability to target certain cellular locations and fluorescent properties. Here we describe the synthesis of three new esters of 4-hydroxy-N-propyl-1,8-naphthalimide (NAP) and the development of a simple and sensitive assay protocol to measure the activity of carboxylester hydrolases. The NAP fluorophore was esterified with short (butyrate), medium (octanoate) and long (palmitate) chain fatty acids.

The use of immobilised digestive lipase from Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) to generate flavour compounds in milk.

The aim of this research was to determine the potential of immobilised digestive lipase from Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) to generate flavour compounds in milk. The lipase was immobilised on hydrophobic resin (Toyopearl® Butyl) and used to hydrolyse milk lipids in a batch reactor. The lipase was stable when immobilised and there was no significant resin fouling or enzyme inhibition between cycles.

Rapid Quantitative Determination of Squalene in Shark Liver Oils by Raman and IR Spectroscopy.

Squalene is sourced predominantly from shark liver oils and to a lesser extent from plants such as olives. It is used for the production of surfactants, dyes, sunscreen, and cosmetics. The economic value of shark liver oil is directly related to the squalene content, which in turn is highly variable and species-dependent.

Focal therapy for prostate cancer: The current status.

Purpose: In an era of increasing prostate cancer incidence and earlier detection, the assessment of clinical significance of prostate cancer is critical. Minimally invasive therapies are increasingly being investigated in localized prostate cancer.

Methods And Results: In this review, we discuss the current status of magnetic resonance imaging targeted fusion prostate biopsy and focal therapy for prostate cancer, its rationale, and techniques.

Relationship Between Prebiopsy Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Biopsy Indication, and MRI-ultrasound Fusion-targeted Prostate Biopsy Outcomes.

Background: Increasing evidence supports the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-ultrasound fusion-targeted prostate biopsy (MRF-TB) to improve the detection of clinically significant prostate cancer (PCa) while limiting detection of indolent disease compared to systematic 12-core biopsy (SB).

Objective: To compare MRF-TB and SB results and investigate the relationship between biopsy outcomes and prebiopsy MRI.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Retrospective analysis of a prospectively acquired cohort of men presenting for prostate biopsy over a 26-mo period.

Breakthrough therapies: Cystic fibrosis (CF) potentiators and correctors.

Cystic Fibrosis is caused by mutations in the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene resulting in abnormal protein function. Recent advances of targeted molecular therapies and high throughput screening have resulted in multiple drug therapies that target many important mutations in the CFTR protein. In this review, we provide the latest results and current progress of CFTR modulators for the treatment of cystic fibrosis, focusing on potentiators of CFTR channel gating and Phe508del processing correctors for the Phe508del CFTR mutation.

Preoperative predictors of malignancy and unfavorable pathology for clinical T1a tumors treated with partial nephrectomy: a multi-institutional analysis.

Purpose: To determine preoperative predictors associated with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and unfavorable pathology in small renal masses treated with partial nephrectomy (PN).

Materials And Methods: PN records from 5 centers were retrospectively queried for patients with a clinically localized single tumor <4 cm on imaging (clinical T1a). Between 2007 and 2013, 1,009 patients met the inclusion criteria.

Robot-assisted surgery for the treatment of upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma.

Robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery is increasingly used in urologic oncologic surgery. Robotic nephroureterectomy is still a relatively new technique. As upper tract urothelial carcinoma is a rare disease, intermediate- and long-term outcome data are scarce.