Exploring the Remote Administration of a Performance-Based Functional Assessment.

Performance-based assessments of instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) can detect subtle functional impairments better than self-reported questionnaires. While most performance-based IADL assessments were developed for in-person administration, remote administration could increase access to vulnerable older adults. This study compared in-person and remote administration of IADL tasks from the Performance Assessment of Self-Care Skills.

Differences in Daily Activity Performance Between Inpatient Rehabilitation Facility and Home Among Stroke Survivors.

Background: Stroke survivors are one of the largest consumer groups of rehabilitation services. Despite improvement in daily activities while in inpatient rehabilitation, many have difficulty performing daily activities at home after discharge. The difference in performance between a standard clinical context and at home is poorly understood.

The Association Between Postural Sway and Preclinical Alzheimer Disease Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Background: It is unknown whether older adults with preclinical Alzheimer disease (AD) experience changes in postural sway compared with those without preclinical AD. The purpose of this study was to understand the effect of dual tasking on standing balance, or postural sway, for people with and without preclinical AD.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from a longitudinal cohort study.

Falls and Alzheimer Disease.

Falls are the leading cause of injury, disability, and injury-related mortality in the older adult population. Older adults with Alzheimer disease (AD) are over twice as likely to experience a fall compared to cognitively normal older adults. Intrinsic and extrinsic fall risk factors may influence falls during symptomatic AD; intrinsic factors include changes in cognition and impaired functional mobility, and extrinsic factors include polypharmacy and environmental fall hazards.

The Relationship of Exercise, Psychosocial Factors, and Social Participation Among Adults Aging With Long-Term Physical Disability: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose: This study investigated the relationships among exercise engagement, psychosocial factors, and social participation for adults aging with physical disabilities (AAwPD).

Design: A cross-sectional study within a community-based cohort study of participation among AAwPD was conducted.

Setting: A comprehensive survey was administered online or via telephone.

Removing home hazards for older adults living in affordable housing: A stepped-wedge cluster-randomized trial.

Background: Falls are the leading cause of injury, disability, premature institutionalization, and injury-related mortality among older adults. Home hazard removal can effectively reduce falls in this population but is not implemented as standard practice. This study translated an evidence-based home hazard removal program (HARP) for delivery in low-income senior apartments to test whether the intervention would work in the "real world.

Consistency of participation over time among persons aging with physical disability as measured by a tool designed for use among community-based organizations.

Background: Community participation measures for persons aging with disability were developed and evaluated to support community-based organizations (CBOs) with efficient assessment of change in participation and need for supports/services to facilitate participation.

Objective: To evaluate a set of nine activity domain measures to broadly assess community participation and change in participation over time.

Methods: A community-based sample (N = 323) of persons ages 45-65 responded to a survey with repeated measures three times annually (T1, T2, T3) between 2019 and 2022.

Precipitating Mechanisms of Falls in Preclinical Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: Individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) are more than twice as likely to incur a serious fall as the general population of older adults. Although AD is commonly associated with cognitive changes, impairments in other clinical measures such as strength or functional mobility (i.e.

Gut microbiome composition may be an indicator of preclinical Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology is thought to progress from normal cognition through preclinical disease and ultimately to symptomatic AD with cognitive impairment. Recent work suggests that the gut microbiome of symptomatic patients with AD has an altered taxonomic composition compared with that of healthy, cognitively normal control individuals. However, knowledge about changes in the gut microbiome before the onset of symptomatic AD is limited.

Down syndrome and Alzheimer's disease: A scoping review of functional performance and fall risk.

Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) occurs in aging adults with Down syndrome (DS) at a higher prevalence and an earlier age than in typical aging adults. As with the general aging adult population, there is an urgent need to understand the preclinical and early phases of AD progression in the adult population with DS. The aim of this scoping review was to synthesize the current state of the evidence and identify gaps in the literature regarding functional activity performance and falls and their significance to disease staging (i.

Retention of Study Partners in Longitudinal Studies of Alzheimer Disease.

Background: Study partners are required for all participants at Alzheimer's Disease Research Centers (ADRCs). Study partners' attitudes and beliefs may contribute to missed visits and negatively impact retention of participants in longitudinal AD studies.

Objective: Study partners (N = 212) of participants (Clinical Dementia Rating® [CDR]≤2) at four ADRCs were randomly surveyed to examine their facilitators and barriers to continued participation in AD studies.

Psychometric Evaluation of the Perceived Research Burden Assessment (PeRBA) in Longitudinal Studies of Alzheimer Disease Using Rasch Analysis.

Introduction: The Perceived Research Burden Assessment (PeRBA) was developed to measure participant perceptions of burden in research studies. This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of this assessment using Rasch analysis in participants in the longitudinal studies of the Alzheimer disease (AD) and their family members.

Methods: PeRBA was administered to 443 participants in studies of AD and 212 family members across 4 Alzheimer Disease Research Centers.

Perceptions of Research Burden and Retention Among Participants in ADRC Cohorts.

Objectives: Alzheimer disease (AD) and related dementias clinical research is associated with significant participant burden. The Perceived Research Burden Assessment (PeRBA) measures participants' perceptions of logistical, psychological, and physical burdens. The purpose of this study was to assess PeRBA's psychometric properties, perceptual sources, and behavioral consequences with participants in a multisite study of participant retention in longitudinal cohort studies of Alzheimer disease and related dementias.

Assessment of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living in Preclinical Alzheimer Disease.

Questionnaires are used to assess instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) among individuals with preclinical Alzheimer disease (AD). They have indicated no functional impairment among this population. We aim to determine among cognitively normal (CN) older adults with and without preclinical AD whether: (a) performance-based IADL assessment measures a wider range of function than an IADL questionnaire and (b) biomarkers of AD are associated with IADL performance.

Aging with Disability Symptoms and Ability to Participate in, and Satisfaction with, Social Participation among Persons Aged 45-64.

Pain, fatigue, and depression, considered aging with disability (AwD) symptoms, are known to be substantially higher among middle-aged adults with long-term disability compared to their age peers. Participation has been recognized as an important component of health. This cohort survey study reports findings on the relationship between AwD symptoms and ability to participate in, and satisfaction with participation in, social roles and activities using PROMIS measures.

Retaining Participants in Longitudinal Studies of Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: Retention of study participants is essential to advancing Alzheimer's disease (AD) research and developing therapeutic interventions. However, recent multi-year AD studies have lost 10% to 54% of participants.

Objective: We surveyed a random sample of 443 participants (Clinical Dementia Rating [CDR]≤1) at four Alzheimer Disease Research Centers to elucidate perceived facilitators and barriers to continued participation in longitudinal AD research.

Falls: a marker of preclinical Alzheimer disease: a cohort study protocol.

Introduction: Progression to symptomatic Alzheimer disease (AD) occurs slowly over a series of preclinical stages. Declining functional mobility may be an early indicator of loss of brain network integration and may lead to an increased risk of experiencing falls. It is unknown whether measures of functional mobility and falls are preclinical markers of AD.

Primary Care of Adult Patients After Stroke: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association.

Primary care teams provide the majority of poststroke care. When optimally configured, these teams provide patient-centered care to prevent recurrent stroke, maximize function, prevent late complications, and optimize quality of life. Patient-centered primary care after stroke begins with establishing the foundation for poststroke management while engaging caregivers and family members in support of the patient.

Effect of electroencephalogram-guided anaesthesia administration on 1-yr mortality: follow-up of a randomised clinical trial.

Background: Intraoperative EEG suppression duration has been associated with postoperative delirium and mortality. In a clinical trial testing anaesthesia titration to avoid EEG suppression, the intervention did not decrease the incidence of postoperative delirium, but was associated with reduced 30-day mortality. The present study evaluated whether the EEG-guided anaesthesia intervention was also associated with reduced 1-yr mortality.

Development and implementation of a community-based research network.

Introduction: People aging with long-term physical disabilities (PAwLTPD), meaning individuals with onset of disability from birth through midlife, often require long-term support services (LTSS) to remain independence. The LTSS system is fragmented into aging and disability organizations with little communication between them. In addition, there are currently no evidence-based LTSS-type programs listed on the Administration for Community Living website that have been demonstrated to be effective for PAwLTPD.

Falls Associate with Neurodegenerative Changes in ATN Framework of Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: Behavioral markers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) are not included within the widely used amyloid-tau-neurodegeneration framework.

Objective: To determine when falls occur among cognitively normal (CN) individuals with and without preclinical AD.

Methods: This cross-sectional study recorded falls among CN participants (n = 83) over a 1-year period.