Characterization of Migraine in Children and Adolescents With Generalized Joint Hypermobility: A Case-Control Study.

Background And Objectives: The prevalence of generalized joint hypermobility (GJH) is 5-65% in children and adolescents. The hypothesis of this study was to see whether there is an association between headache characteristics and GJH in children and adolescents with migraine.

Methods: We performed a primary retrospective case-control analysis of an established database of patients with headache aged 5-17 years.

Predictors of Improvement in Pediatric Chronic Migraine: Results from the Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and Amitriptyline Trial.

Explore predictors of improvement in headache days and migraine-related disability through a secondary analysis of the cognitive-behavioral therapy plus amitriptyline trial in children and adolescents (Clinical Trials Registration Number: NCT00389038). Participants were 135 youth aged 10-17 years old diagnosed with chronic migraine. Predictor variables included group assignment (treatment or control), baseline scores from depression and quality of life measures, and demographic variables.

Ovarian hormones, age and pubertal development and their association with days of headache onset in girls with migraine: An observational cohort study.

Background Fifty-three percent of adolescent girls report headaches at the onset of menses, suggesting fluctuations of ovarian hormones trigger migraine during puberty. Aims To determine if urinary metabolites of estrogen and progesterone are associated with days of headache onset (HO) or severity in girls with migraine. Methods This was a pilot study and included 34 girls with migraine balanced across three age strata (pre-pubertal (8-11), pubertal (12-15), and post-pubertal (16-17) years of age).

Trajectory of Improvement in Children and Adolescents With Chronic Migraine: Results From the Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and Amitriptyline Trial.

Unlabelled: We compared headache frequency trajectories between clinical trial participants who received cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and amitriptyline (CBT+A) or headache education (HE) and amitriptyline (HE+A) to determine if there was a differential time course of treatment response between the groups. One hundred thirty-five patients (age 10-17 years) diagnosed with chronic migraine participated, attending 8 one-hour one-on-one CBT or HE sessions with a trained psychologist for 8 weekly sessions, 2 sessions at weeks 12 and 16, and a post-treatment visit at week 20. Participants kept daily headache diaries and completed take-home assignments between visits.

Adherence to Biobehavioral Recommendations in Pediatric Migraine as Measured by Electronic Monitoring: The Adherence in Migraine (AIM) Study.

Objective: The purpose of this investigation was to examine treatment adherence to medication and lifestyle recommendations among pediatric migraine patients using electronic monitoring systems.

Background: Nonadherence to medical treatment is a significant public health concern, and can result in poorer treatment outcomes, decreased cost-effectiveness of medical care, and increased morbidity. No studies have systematically examined adherence to medication and lifestyle recommendations in adolescents with migraine outside of a clinical trial.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy plus Amitriptyline for Children and Adolescents with Chronic Migraine Reduces Headache Days to ≤4 Per Month.

Objective: The objective of this secondary analysis of results from a previously published trial (Clinical Trials Registration Number: NCT00389038) in chronic migraine in children and adolescents was to examine if participants who received cognitive behavioral therapy and amitriptyline reached a greater level of reduction in headache frequency that no longer indicated a recommendation for preventive treatment as compared to those who received headache education and amitriptyline.

Background: Chronic migraine negatively affects children's home, school, and social activities. Preventive medication therapy is suggested for 5 or more headaches per month.

Cognitive behavioral therapy plus amitriptyline for chronic migraine in children and adolescents: a randomized clinical trial.

Importance: Early, safe, effective, and durable evidence-based interventions for children and adolescents with chronic migraine do not exist.

Objective: To determine the benefits of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) when combined with amitriptyline vs headache education plus amitriptyline.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A randomized clinical trial of 135 youth (79% female) aged 10 to 17 years diagnosed with chronic migraine (≥15 days with headache/month) and a Pediatric Migraine Disability Assessment Score (PedMIDAS) greater than 20 points were assigned to the CBT plus amitriptyline group (n = 64) or the headache education plus amitriptyline group (n = 71).

Quality of life and emotional functioning in youth with chronic migraine and juvenile fibromyalgia.

Summary: Chronic pain in children is associated with significant negative impact on social, emotional, and school functioning. Previous studies on the impact of pain on children's functioning have primarily used mixed samples of pain conditions or single pain conditions (eg, headache and abdominal pain) with relatively small sample sizes. As a result, the similarities and differences in the impact of pain in subgroups of children with chronic pain have not been closely examined.

Psychiatric comorbidity in pediatric chronic daily headache.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to assess comorbid psychiatric diagnoses in youth with chronic daily headache (CDH) and to examine relationships between psychiatric status and CDH symptom severity, as well as headache-related disability.

Methods: Standardized psychiatric interviews (Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia, KSADS) were conducted with 169 youth ages 10-17 diagnosed with CDH. Participants provided prospective reports of headache frequency with a daily headache diary and completed measures of symptom severity, headache-related disability (PedMIDAS) and quality of life (PedsQL).

A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover, add-on study of CoEnzyme Q10 in the prevention of pediatric and adolescent migraine.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) supplementation in the prevention of migraine in children using a placebo-controlled, double-blinded, crossover, add-on trial.

Background: CoQ10 has been demonstrated to have efficacy in migraine prevention in adults but lacks pediatric research with more rigorous methodology. CoQ10 has been observed to be deficient in a significant number of children and adolescents presenting to tertiary headache centers.

Menstrual migraine in adolescents.

Objective: To characterize menstrually associated headaches and migraine in adolescent girls and identify any developmental and pubertal changes.

Background: Headache and migraine is a common problem in adolescents with a transition to adult patterns. One pattern of adult migraine is the menstrual association in a significant number of women.

Coenzyme Q10 deficiency and response to supplementation in pediatric and adolescent migraine.

Background: Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) has been suggested to be effective in the prevention of migraine, and levels can be quantified with standardized reference ranges.

Objective: This study documents the prevalence of CoQ10 deficiency in migraine headache and examines the potential effectiveness of supplementation.

Methods: We assessed patients attending a tertiary care center with frequent headaches for CoQ10 deficiency.

Outcome of a multidisciplinary approach to pediatric migraine at 1, 2, and 5 years.

Objective: To assess the long-term effectiveness and outcome of multidisciplinary treatment of childhood headaches 1, 2, and 5 years after initial treatment.

Background: Headaches are a common problem for children and adolescents and for many patients continue into adulthood. Outcome research for pediatric migraine headaches is limited, thus restricting knowledge of the effectiveness of long-term management and outcome.

Carnitine palmityltransferase II (CPT2) deficiency and migraine headache: two case reports.

Background: Migraine headache is common and has multiple etiologies. A number of mitochondrial anomalies have been described for migraine, and mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated as one potential pathophysiological mechanism. Carnitine is used by mitochondria for fatty acid transportation; its deficiency, however, has not been implicated in migraine pathophysiology.