Salmonella Typhi genotypic diversity, cluster identification and antimicrobial resistance determinants in Mukuru settlement, Nairobi Kenya.

Background: Understanding the source of typhoid infections and the genetic relatedness of Salmonella Typhi (S. Typhi) by cluster identification in endemic settings is critical for establishing coordinated public health responses for typhoid fever management. This study investigated the genotypic diversity, antibiotic resistance mechanisms, and clustering of 35 S.

Typhoidal salmonella disease in Mukuru informal settlement, Nairobi Kenya; carriage, diversity, and antimicrobial resistant genes.

Introduction: Multiple studies have shown that typhoid fever is endemic in developing countries characterized by poor hygiene. A unique way of Salmonella Typhi (S.Typhi) pathogenicity is establishing a persistent, usually asymptomatic carrier state in some infected individuals who excrete large numbers of bacteria in faeces.

Enteric bacterial agents associated with diarrhea and their antimicrobial sensitivity profiles in children under 5 years from mukuru informal settlement, Nairobi, Kenya.

Background: In Kenya, diarrhoeal disease is the third leading cause of child mortality after malaria and pneumonia, accounting for nearly 100 deaths daily. We conducted a cross-sectional study in Mukuru informal settlements to determine the bacteria associated with diarrhea and their ASTs to provide data essential for implementing appropriate intervention measures.

Methods: Diarrheagenic children (≤ 5 years) were purposively recruited from outpatient clinics of Municipal City Council, Mukuru kwa Reuben, Medical Missionaries of Mary, and Mama Lucy Kibaki Hospital, Nairobi.

Evaluation of the diagnostic performance of the urine dipstick test for the detection of urinary tract infections in patients treated in Kenyan hospitals.

Introduction: Culture is the gold-standard diagnosis for urinary tract infections (UTIs). However, most hospitals in low-resource countries lack adequately equipped laboratories and relevant expertise to perform culture and, therefore, rely heavily on dipstick tests for UTI diagnosis.

Research Gap: In many Kenyan hospitals, routine evaluations are rarely done to assess the accuracy of popular screening tests such as the dipstick test.

Bacterial etiology of urinary tract infections in patients treated at Kenyan health facilities and their resistance towards commonly used antibiotics.

Background: Evidence-based empirical antibiotic prescribing requires knowledge of local antimicrobial resistance patterns. The spectrum of pathogens and their susceptibility strongly influences guidelines for empirical therapies for urinary tract infections (UTI) management.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of UTI causative bacteria and their corresponding antibiotic resistance profiles in three counties of Kenya.