Malignant Tumors Identified in Adult Polycystic Kidney Disease Can Be Derived from Both Proximal Tubular and Distal Tubular Origins.

Unlabelled: Adult polycystic kidney disease (APKD) is a genetic disorder leading to premature renal dysfunction and failure. The prevalence of malignant renal tumors occurring in the APKD setting has been rarely reported.

Objective: To better characterize malignant renal tumors in nephrectomy specimens of APKD and apply modern pathologic evaluation.

Size-Dependent Cortical Compaction Induces Metabolic Adaptation in Mesenchymal Stem Cell Aggregates.

This study reveals that multicellular aggregation induces metabolic reprogramming via mechanical compaction in lieu of formation of a hypoxic core. Utilizing biomechanical knowledge gained from planar culture, we set forth a novel three-dimensional (3D) model of size-dependent cortical compaction and demonstrated its role in metabolic reconfiguration. Ultimately, this study establishes mechanical compaction and its spatial gradients as key regulatory factors and design parameters in the development of 3D human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell aggregates.

c-Abl phosphorylation of Yin Yang 1's conserved tyrosine 254 in the spacer region modulates its transcriptional activity.

Yin Yang 1 (YY1) is a multifunctional transcription factor that can activate or repress transcription depending on the promotor and/or the co-factors recruited. YY1 is phosphorylated in various signaling pathways and is critical for different biological functions including embryogenesis, apoptosis, proliferation, cell-cycle regulation and tumorigenesis. Here we report that YY1 is a substrate for c-Abl kinase phosphorylation at conserved residue Y254 in the spacer region.