Evaluation of immunological responses to third COVID-19 vaccine among people treated with sphingosine receptor-1 modulators and anti-CD20 therapy.

Background: People living with multiple sclerosis (MS) and other disorders treated with immunomodulatory therapies remain concerned about suboptimal responses to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines. Important questions persist regarding immunological response to third vaccines, particularly with respect to newer virus variants. The objective of this study is to evaluate humoral and cellular immune responses to a third COVID-19 vaccine dose in people on anti-CD20 therapy and sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor (S1PR) modulators, including Omicron-specific assays.

Evaluation of immunological responses to third COVID-19 vaccine among people treated with sphingosine receptor-1 modulators and anti-CD20 therapy.

Importance: People living with multiple sclerosis (MS) and other disorders treated with immunomodulatory therapies remain concerned about suboptimal responses to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines. Important questions persist regarding immunological response to third vaccines, particularly with respect to newer virus variants.

Objective: Evaluate humoral and cellular immune responses to third COVID-19 vaccine dose in people on anti-CD20 therapy and sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor (S1PR) modulators, including Omicron-specific assays.

Differential antibody response to COVID-19 vaccines across immunomodulatory therapies for multiple sclerosis.

Background: Prior studies suggest reduced humoral response to COVID-19 vaccination in immunosuppressed populations. Disease modifying therapies (DMTs) for multiple sclerosis (MS) have variable immunomodulatory effects, and limited data are available for all DMTs. We aimed to determine the impact of DMTs on antibody response to COVID-19 vaccination among MS patients.

Brooklyn, New York foodscape 2007-2011: a five-year analysis of stability in food retail environments.

Background: Food retail studies have focused on the availability of food stores, and on disparities in food access by neighborhood race and income level. Previous research does not address possible changes in local food environments over time, because little is known about the extent to which food environments fluctuate.

Methods: Records of stores licensed to sell food with the New York State Department of Agriculture and Markets from 2007-2011 were compared to detect differences in the total number of food stores and supermarkets annually, as well as the total change for the five-year period.

Navigating the urban food environment: challenges and resilience of community-dwelling older adults.

Objective: Identify factors involved in food shopping among older urban adults.

Design: A qualitative study of 30 in-depth interviews and 15 "tagalong" shopping trip observations were conducted.

Setting: Brooklyn, New York.

The utilization of local food environments by urban seniors.

Objective: The objective of this study was to describe food shopping patterns for urban seniors and measure the influence of neighborhood and individual level factors on intake of fresh fruits and vegetables.

Method: Between September 2005 and August 2006, 314 Black, White and Latino participants from ten Brooklyn Senior Centers were interviewed about types of produce recently purchased, satisfaction with selection, cost and quality of produce, intake of produce, and location of food store used to purchase produce.

Results: Individual level factors (race/ethnicity and age) were significantly associated with produce intake.

Disparities in the availability of fruits and vegetables between racially segregated urban neighbourhoods.

Objective: Public health professionals continue to see the benefits of fruit and vegetable consumption on population health. While studies that evaluate the availability of produce are sparse in the medical literature, disparities in availability may explain the disproportional intake of produce for some people. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the availability and variety of produce located in two racially and economically diverse urban neighbourhoods.