Prolonged cyclical loading induces Haversian remodeling in mandibles of growing rabbits.

Bone adaptation to mechanical loading happens predominantly via modeling and remodeling, but the latter is poorly understood. Haversian remodeling (cortical bone replacement resulting in secondary osteons) is thought to occur in regions of low strain as part of bone maintenance or high strain in response to microdamage. However, analyses of remodeling in primates have revealed an unappreciated association with the number of daily load cycles.

Absence of secondary osteons in femora of aged rats: Implications of lifespan on Haversian remodeling in mammals.

Bone is a dynamic tissue capable of adapting to its loading environment, allowing the skeleton to remain structurally sound throughout life. One way adaptation occurs in mammals is via Haversian remodeling: the site-specific, coupled resorption and formation of cortical bone that results in secondary osteons. Remodeling occurs at a baseline rate in most mammals, but it also occurs in relation to strain by repairing deleterious microdamage.

Bone remodeling and cyclical loading in maxillae of New Zealand white rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus).

Mammalian feeding behaviors are altered when mechanically challenging (e.g., tough, stiff) foods require large bite forces or prolonged mastication.

Precocious chondrocyte differentiation disrupts skeletal growth in Kabuki syndrome mice.

Kabuki syndrome 1 (KS1) is a Mendelian disorder of the epigenetic machinery caused by mutations in the gene encoding KMT2D, which methylates lysine 4 on histone H3 (H3K4). KS1 is characterized by intellectual disability, postnatal growth retardation, and distinct craniofacial dysmorphisms. A mouse model (Kmt2d+/βGeo) exhibits features of the human disorder and has provided insight into other phenotypes; however, the mechanistic basis of skeletal abnormalities and growth retardation remains elusive.

Haversian remodeling corresponds to load frequency but not strain magnitude in the macaque (Macaca fascicularis) skeleton.

One way bone adapts to its mechanical environment is by Haversian remodeling, a repair process in which existing bone is resorbed and replaced by new bone. Haversian remodeling forms interconnected, cylindrical structures called secondary osteons. The amount of remodeling that occurs is related to the nature of mechanical loading and accrual of microdamage, but it is uncertain whether habitual loads of high magnitude versus high frequency result in more remodeling.

The Influence of Leaping Frequency on Secondary Bone in Cercopithecid Primates.

Bone remodeling is at least partially mediated by the mechanical environment created by an animal's behavior. Here, we test the hypothesis that bone remodeling is primarily induced by high magnitude loads, likely encountered during leaping/bounding behaviors. Osteon population density (OPD), osteon cross-sectional area (On.

Functional morphology of the douc langur (Pygathrix spp.) scapula.

Most colobine monkeys primarily move through their arboreal environment quadrupedally. Douc langurs (Pygathrix spp.), however, are regularly observed to use suspensory behaviors at the Endangered Primate Rescue Center (EPRC) in Northern Vietnam.

Bone remodeling is reduced in high stress regions of the cercopithecoid mandible.

Objectives: Independent lines of evidence suggest that osteonal bone remodeling is a function of both mechanical (i.e., changes in stress) and non-mechanical (i.