Publications by authors named "Susan Cheung"

Background: Collegiate student-athletes have unique nutritional requirements to support their athletic performance and health. Few studies have comprehensively characterized the diets of National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I student-athletes.

Objectives: To characterize dietary intake and diet quality during a competitive season in female and male NCAA Division I cross country student-athletes from a single university.

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Oxygen-enhanced MRI (OE-MRI) has shown promise for quantifying and spatially mapping tumor hypoxia, either alone or in combination with perfusion imaging. Previous studies have validated the technique in mouse models and in patients with cancer. Here, we report the first evidence that OE-MRI can track change in tumor oxygenation induced by two drugs designed to modify hypoxia.

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Background: The relationships between habitual essential amino acid (EAA) intake and body composition, muscle strength, and physical function in older US adults are not well defined.

Objectives: This cross-sectional study evaluated associations between usual EAA intakes and body composition, muscle strength, and physical function in US adults ≥65 y.

Methods: The Food and Nutrient Database for Dietary Studies (FNDDS) 2001-2018 was linked to the US Department of Agriculture Standard Reference database to access existing amino acid composition data for FNDDS ingredients.

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Article Synopsis
  • Hypoxia contributes to treatment resistance in solid tumors, and this study investigated whether oxygen-enhanced MRI (OE-MRI) can reliably measure changes in hypoxic volume in patients with HPV-related oropharyngeal cancer during radiotherapy.
  • 27 patients underwent imaging before and during treatment, showing that hypoxic volume decreased significantly at two and four weeks into therapy, with notable variations in treatment response across different lesions.
  • Results indicate that significant modifications in tumor hypoxia can occur early in treatment, with half of the patients experiencing differing hypoxic changes in primary versus nodal tumors, which could influence patient management and treatment strategies.
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Objectives: To measure dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) biomarker repeatability in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). To use these statistics to identify which individual target lesions show early biological response.

Materials And Methods: A single-centre, prospective DCE-MRI study was performed between September 2015 and April 2017.

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Early time-restricted eating (eTRE) improves aspects of cardiometabolic health. Although the circadian system appears to regulate nutrient absorption, little is known about the effects of eTRE on intestinal absorption. In this randomized crossover trial, 16 healthy adults follow a controlled, weight maintenance diet for 9 days, consuming all calories between 0800 and 1400 (eTRE schedule) or 0800 and 2000 (control schedule).

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Article Synopsis
  • Purpose of the study was to standardize quantitative imaging methods for tumors, specifically using DCE-MRI, through the OSIPI-DCE challenge to benchmark these methods.
  • Methods involved creating a framework for evaluating DCE-MRI analysis submissions from the perfusion MRI community, focusing on glioblastoma quantification and requiring detailed reporting of procedures and software.
  • Results showed significant variability in software performance, with scores indicating differences in accuracy, repeatability, and reproducibility, while highlighting the importance of standardized procedures for improving analysis consistency.
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Background And Purpose: Tumour hypoxia is prognostic in head and neck cancer (HNC), associated with poor loco-regional control, poor survival and treatment resistance. The advent of hybrid MRI - radiotherapy linear accelerator or 'MR Linac' systems - could permit imaging for treatment adaptation based on hypoxic status. We sought to develop oxygen-enhanced MRI (OE-MRI) in HNC and translate the technique onto an MR Linac system.

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Background: The lack of complete amino acid composition data in food composition databases has made determining population-wide amino acid intake difficult.

Objectives: This cross-sectional study characterizes habitual intakes of each amino acid and adherence to dietary requirements for each essential amino acid (EAA) in the US population.

Methods: Food and Nutrient Database for Dietary Studies ingredient codes with missing amino acid composition data were matched to similar ingredients with available data so that amino acid composition could be determined for 100% of foods reported in the dietary intake assessment component of NHANES.

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Imaging biomarkers are used in therapy development to identify and quantify therapeutic response. In oncology, use of MRI, PET and other imaging methods can be complicated by spatially complex and heterogeneous tumor micro-environments, non-Gaussian data and small sample sizes. Linear Poisson Modelling (LPM) enables analysis of complex data that is quantitative and can operate in small data domains.

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Background: Patients with metastatic colorectal cancer are treated with cytotoxic chemotherapy supplemented by molecularly targeted therapies. There is a critical need to define biomarkers that can optimise the use of these therapies to maximise efficacy and avoid unnecessary toxicity. However, it is important to first define the changes in potential biomarkers following cytotoxic chemotherapy alone.

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Objective: To describe the incidence and timing of provider-specific interventions for children with isolated cleft palate.

Design: This was a retrospective cohort study involving review of medical records.

Setting: Multidisciplinary team care clinic at a tertiary academic children's hospital between January 2000 and July 2019.

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Imaging biomarkers require technical, biological, and clinical validation to be translated into robust tools in research or clinical settings. This study contributes to the technical validation of radiomic features from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) by evaluating the repeatability of features from four MR sequences: pre-contrast T1- and T2-weighted images, pre-contrast quantitative T1 maps (qT1), and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images. Fifty-one patients with colorectal cancer liver metastases were scanned twice, up to 7 days apart.

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Objective: To report the incidences of secondary lip and nose operations, otolaryngology procedures, speech-language therapy, neurodevelopmental concerns, and dental and orthodontic issues in children with isolated cleft lip to inform multidisciplinary cleft team protocols.

Setting: An American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association-approved team at a tertiary academic children's hospital.

Design: Retrospective cohort study of patients evaluated through longitudinal clinic visits by a multidisciplinary cleft palate and craniofacial team between January 2000 and June 2018.

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Purpose: Hypoxia is associated with poor prognosis and is predictive of poor response to cancer treatments, including radiotherapy. Developing noninvasive biomarkers that both detect hypoxia prior to treatment and track change in tumor hypoxia following treatment is required urgently.

Experimental Design: We evaluated the ability of oxygen-enhanced MRI (OE-MRI) to map and quantify therapy-induced changes in tumor hypoxia by measuring oxygen-refractory signals in perfused tissue (perfused Oxy-R).

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Natural falcarinol-type (FC-type) polyacetylenes are known to show anticancer activities. We studied the bioactivity of synthetic FC, 1,2-dihydrofalcarinol (FCH) and 3-acetoxyfalcarinol (FCA) and compared them with the natural bioactive polyacetylene [9,17-octadecadiene-12,14-diyne-1,11,16-triol,1-acetate] (DCA) isolated from Devil's club (DC) Oplopanax horridus. Antiproliferation activity of these polyacetylenes, along with DC inner stem bark 70% ethanol and water extracts, was tested on human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell lines PANC-1 and BxPC-3.

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Oncological use of anti-angiogenic VEGF inhibitors has been limited by the lack of informative biomarkers. Previously we reported circulating Tie2 as a vascular response biomarker for bevacizumab-treated ovarian cancer patients. Using advanced MRI and circulating biomarkers we have extended these findings in metastatic colorectal cancer (n = 70).

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Purpose To cross-validate T1-weighted oxygen-enhanced (OE) MRI measurements of tumor hypoxia with intrinsic susceptibility MRI measurements and to demonstrate the feasibility of translation of the technique for patients. Materials and Methods Preclinical studies in nine 786-0-R renal cell carcinoma (RCC) xenografts and prospective clinical studies in eight patients with RCC were performed. Longitudinal relaxation rate changes (∆R1) after 100% oxygen inhalation were quantified, reflecting the paramagnetic effect on tissue protons because of the presence of molecular oxygen.

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Background: Solid tumours exhibit enhanced vessel permeability and fenestrated endothelium to varying degree, but it is unknown how this varies in patients between and within tumour types. Dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI provides a measure of perfusion and permeability, the transfer constant K, which could be employed for such comparisons in patients.

Aim: To test the hypothesis that different tumour types exhibit systematically different K.

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Devil's club Oplopanax horridus (DC) is a close relative of ginseng; its inner root and stem bark extract showed antiproliferation activity on human leukemia, ovarian, breast and colon cancer cells. We study here the effects of DC 70% ethanol extract alone, or in combination with cisplatin, gemcitabine, and paclitaxel on pancreatic endocrine HP62 and pancreatic ductal carcinoma PANC-1 and BxPC-3 cells. Antiproliferation activity assay, cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry, apoptosis-related markers by antibody array, and RT-PCR assay were used for this study.

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Background: School-located influenza vaccination (SLV) programs have the potential to mass-vaccinate all enrolled children, but parental consent is required.

Objective: To examine parental attitudes and determine predictors of parental consent for vaccination of schoolchildren through SLV programs.

Patients/methods: Surveys were distributed to parents of 4517 children during 2009-2010 (year 1) and 4414 children during 2010-2011 (year 2) in eight elementary schools in conjunction with a SLV program.

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This study was conducted to employ an ovarian cancer Ovcar 10 three-dimensional model to assess the antiproliferation activity of the medicinal plant Devil's club, Oplopanax horridus, and its active compound, alone and in combination, with chemotherapeutic agents compared to Ovcar 10 two-dimensional cells grown as monolayer cells. Ovcar 10 three-dimensional spheroids were prepared with a rotary cell culture system. Cell counting kit-8 assessed the antiproliferation activity.

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Objectives: B7-H4 is a negative coregulatory molecule known to be involved in immune response. We study here B7-H4 expression and its possible role in diabetes and cancer development.

Methods: Formalin-fixed, paraffin-processed pancreas samples from patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D), insulinoma, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and normal organ donors were studied by bright-field and multifluorescence immunohistochemistry to examine B7-H4 expression and its colocalization with islet endocrine hormones.

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Purpose: There is a clinical need for noninvasive, nonionizing imaging biomarkers of tumor hypoxia and oxygenation. We evaluated the relationship of T1 -weighted oxygen-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (OE-MRI) measurements to histopathology measurements of tumor hypoxia in a murine glioma xenograft and demonstrated technique translation in human glioblastoma multiforme.

Methods: Preclinical evaluation was performed in a subcutaneous murine human glioma xenograft (U87MG).

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Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) is a popular culinary/medicinal herb. Recent studies have shown it has pharmacologic activities for cancer chemoprevention and therapy.

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