Fasting Compared With Fed and Oral Intake Before the 1-Hour Oral Glucose Tolerance Test: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of fasting compared with eating before the 1-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) on gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) screening results.

Methods: In a single-center, prospective randomized trial, participants were randomized to: 1) fasting for 6 or more hours or 2) oral intake ("fed") within 2 hours of the 50-g, 1-hour OGTT. The 1-hour OGTT was administered after 24 weeks of gestation.

Medical student confidence when training for a female genitourinary exam using models and standardized patients.

Aim: The purpose of this study is to investigate what factors make students feel confident and competent when performing a female genitourinary exam (FGUE) with normal, nonpathologic findings. We anticipated that students would increase their confidence and perceived competence from the first year to the second year of medical school, would prefer the use of specialized standardized patients (SSPs) over models, and that the results would vary by student demographics.

Methods: Student confidence and perceived competence were measured using voluntary survey methods pre- and postinterventions.

Investigating Students' Metacognitive Experiences: Insights From the English as a Foreign Language Learners' Writing Metacognitive Experiences Questionnaire (EFLLWMEQ).

While research on metacognitive knowledge and metacognitive strategies in second language (L2) writing has proliferated, little attention has been paid to metacognitive experiences in learning to write. This study contributes a novel 6-point Likert scale questionnaire, , and reports insights into learners' metacognitive experiences gathered from its use. The questionnaire was designed to investigate, first, the nature of students' metacognitive experiences when they learn to write in English as a foreign language (EFL) and, secondly, the relationship between students' metacognitive experiences and their writing performance.

The next nine minutes: Lessons learned from the large-scale active shooter training prior to the STEM school shooting.

Objective: As the incidence of active shooters increase, local emergency response has also changed. South Metro Fire Rescue coordinated a series of hyper-realistic active shooter simulation drills involving multiple agencies.

Methods: "The Next Nine Minutes" was one of the largest active shooter drills performed to date with 904 personnel that were trained in 18 mass casualty active shooter drills.

A Replicable and Sustainable Whole Person Care Model for Chronic Pain.

Background: Integrative health is an expanding field that is increasingly called upon by conventional medicine to provide care for patients with chronic pain and disease. Although evidence has mounted for delivering integrative therapies individually, there is little consensus on how best to deliver these therapies in tandem as part of whole person care. While many models exist, few are financially sustainable.

Female Athlete Triad/Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport: A Perspective Interview With Professor Barbara Drinkwater.

Barbara Drinkwater has been a lifelong champion of equality for women in many areas of life well before it was widely accepted. Her "walking the walk" of women breaking barriers in traditional male roles in administration and leadership is exemplified by her election as the first woman president of the American College of Sports Medicine in 1988. Some of the controversial areas in which Barbara was vocal in the arena of women in sport, besides triad/relative energy deficiency in sport, include increased opportunity and participation, total equality, acceptance of diversity, intolerance of harassment and abuse, and fairness with transgender athletes.

A Survey of 25 North Carolina Health Departments/Districts on Knowledge, Attitudes, and Current Practices to Seeking Reimbursement From Third-Party Payers for Sexually Transmitted Disease Services.

Background: North Carolina Administrative Code 10A Chapter 41A.0204 (a) states "local health departments shall provide diagnosis, testing, treatment, follow-up, and preventive services for syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, … These services shall be provided upon request and at no charge to the patient." Although health departments/districts may bill governmental or nongovernmental insurance providers for sexually transmitted disease (STD) services, current billing practices are unknown.

A Feasibility Study Related To Inactive Cancer Survivors Compared with Non-Cancer Controls during Aerobic Exercise Training.

Cancer survivors (CA) tend to demonstrate metabolic, cardiac, and ventilatory alterations due to previous chemotherapy and radiation that may impair adaptability following aerobic exercise training. Exercise training adaptations of CA finished with primary treatment compared to non-cancer participants (NC) have not yet been extensively elucidated. Thus, the present study compared physiologic responses of CA versus NC following a low-to-moderate intensity, 8-wk aerobic training program.

Substituting poly- and mono-unsaturated fat for dietary carbohydrate reduces hyperinsulinemia in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Objective: Hyperinsulinemia is a prevalent feature of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), contributing to metabolic and reproductive manifestations of the syndrome. Weight loss reduces hyperinsulinemia but weight regain is the norm, thus preventing long-term benefits. In the absence of weight loss, replacement of dietary carbohydrate (CHO) with mono/polyunsaturated fat reduces ambient insulin concentrations in non-PCOS subjects.

Early Screening and Treatment of Women with Prediabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To examine whether women with prediabetes benefit from early treatment for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Study Design: Women with a glycosylated hemoglobin A1C (A1C) of 5.7 to 6.

The IOC consensus statement: beyond the Female Athlete Triad--Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S).

Protecting the health of the athlete is a goal of the International Olympic Committee (IOC). The IOC convened an expert panel to update the 2005 IOC Consensus Statement on the Female Athlete Triad. This Consensus Statement replaces the previous and provides guidelines to guide risk assessment, treatment and return-to-play decisions.

The bully at school: an interdisciplinary approach.

Recent legislation enacted across the United States mandates schools to intervene and improve the reporting system of school bullying. Although the laws are an extension of safe school mandates, restoring justice in schools has taken a top priority. The lack of intensity of current anti-bullying programs and educators underestimating the gravity of bullying and its long-term effects on victims is problematic.

A randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effects of high-dose versus low-dose of arginine therapy on hepatic function tests in argininosuccinic aciduria.

Objective: To compare the effects of combinatorial therapy with low-dose arginine and a nitrogen scavenging agent (sodium phenylbutyrate) vs. monotherapy with high-dose arginine on liver function tests in patients with argininosuccinic aciduria (ASA).

Study Design: Twelve patients with ASA were enrolled in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study design.

Dominant eukaryotic export production during ocean anoxic events reflects the importance of recycled NH4+.

The Mesozoic is marked by several widespread occurrences of intense organic matter burial. Sediments from the largest of these events, the Cenomanian-Turonian Oceanic Anoxic Event (OAE 2) are characterized by lower nitrogen isotope ratios than are seen in modern marine settings. It has remained a challenge to describe a nitrogen cycle that could achieve such isotopic depletion.

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy as a sole agent is not immunosuppressant in a highly immunogenic mouse model.

Background. Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy, which is used for many conditions, may also have immunosuppressive effects and could be used for prevention or treatment of graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). If HBO is immunosuppressant, then we hypothesize that HBO therapy will delay the T-cell mediated skin graft rejection.

Bullies and power: a look at the research.

Research indicates that bullying continues to plague schools, and school-based anti-bullying programs do little to take away the opportunities and power of the child who bullies. Research indicates methods to identify the child who bullies, and provides guidelines to change the bullying behaviors. Unfortunately, this information fails to result in changes in practice.

Effects of a supervised exercise intervention on recovery from treatment regimens in breast cancer survivors.

Purpose/objectives: To investigate the effects of supervised exercise training on cardiopulmonary function and fatigue in cancer survivors undergoing various clinical treatments.

Design: Pretest and post-test quasiexperimental.

Setting: Outpatient oncology rehabilitation center.