Diamond fingerprinting for source discrimination using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR).

The Kimberley Process Certification Scheme (KPCS) was established in 2000 as a means of controlling the flow of conflict diamonds, mostly, from the African continent. In 2013, the KPCS imposed an embargo on diamonds from the Central African Republic (CAR). Since then the embargo has been lifted in certain prefectures of the country, however, smuggling is suspected from non-compliant areas.