Mapping the future of antimicrobial use data collection in US animal agriculture: insights from FDA-funded pilot studies.

Antimicrobial use (AMU) contributes to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance, necessitating antimicrobial stewardship actions across all sectors using a One Health approach to preserve antimicrobial effectiveness. This overview delves into 2 FDA-funded projects focused on collecting and analyzing AMU data in major food-producing animal species (cattle, swine, turkeys, and chickens). Initiated in 2016, the projects aimed to establish baseline AMU information and pilot methodologies.

Survey of veterinarians who use pentobarbital for euthanasia suggests knowledge gaps regarding animal disposal.

Objective: To assess (1) veterinarians' knowledge and practices regarding disposal of euthanized animals, (2) the extent to which veterinarians communicate with their clients about potential risks of rendering pentobarbital-euthanized animals, and (3) the extent to which veterinarians communicate potential relay toxicosis and environmental risks of pentobarbital-euthanized animals to clients.

Sample: A stratified random sample of AVMA members.

Methods: Over a 3-week period in early 2021, 16,831 of the AVMA's 99,500 members were surveyed, with 2,093 responses (a 12% response rate).

Use of Diagnosis Codes to Find Blood Transfusion Adverse Events in Electronic Health Records.

Objective: Electronic health records (EHRs) and big data tools offer the opportunity for surveillance of adverse events (patient harm associated with medical care). We used International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, codes in electronic records to identify known, and potentially novel, adverse reactions to blood transfusion.

Methods: We used 49,331 adult admissions involving critical care at a major teaching hospital, 2001-2012, in the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III EHRs database.

Antimicrobial use data collection in animal agriculture.

Antimicrobial drug use can contribute to the emergence of antimicrobial drug-resistant organisms; therefore, judicious use of this important category of drugs is critical in both human and animal medicine to slow the development and spread of resistance. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Center for Veterinary Medicine (CVM) is committed to advancing efforts to implement good antimicrobial stewardship practices in veterinary settings as part of our mission to protect human and animal health. In order to understand the drivers of resistance in veterinary settings and assess the impact of interventions designed to slow the development and spread of resistance, it is vital to have access to scientifically sound data on antimicrobial use and resistance.

Use of data mining at the Food and Drug Administration.

Objectives: This article summarizes past and current data mining activities at the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

Target Audience: We address data miners in all sectors, anyone interested in the safety of products regulated by the FDA (predominantly medical products, food, veterinary products and nutrition, and tobacco products), and those interested in FDA activities.

Scope: Topics include routine and developmental data mining activities, short descriptions of mined FDA data, advantages and challenges of data mining at the FDA, and future directions of data mining at the FDA.