Supervision Needs Following Veteran and Service Member Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A VA TBI Model Systems Study.

Objective: To characterize supervision levels across residential settings at 1 year post-TBI and explore predictors of supervision in a Veteran and Service-member population.

Setting: Five VA Polytrauma Rehabilitation Centers.

Participants: A total of 302 individuals enrolled in the VA TBI Model Systems (TBIMS) research program.

Pomegranate Supplementation Protects against Memory Dysfunction after Heart Surgery: A Pilot Study.

Memory dysfunction is a common complaint following heart surgery and may be related to a diffuse ischemic state induced by microemboli dislodged during the procedure. Ischemia can induce damage by a number of mechanisms, including oxidative stress. Because pomegranates contain a variety of polyphenols with antioxidant and other potentially beneficial effects, we tested whether supplementation with a pomegranate extract before and after heart surgery could protect against postoperative cognitive dysfunction.

The influence of cognitive reserve on neuropsychological functioning following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Neuropsychological impairment is common, yet variable, after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Similar variability has been observed in other CNS-related diseases. Empirical findings in Alzheimer's disease and HIV, among other areas, suggest cognitive reserve (CR) may mediate the cognitive impact of these diseases.

The neurobiology of neuropsychiatric syndromes in dementia.

Purpose Of Review: Neuropsychiatric disturbances in dementia are prevalent, and research is uncovering their neurobiological correlates.

Recent Findings: Late-onset depression appears to be associated with Alzheimer's disease pathology at autopsy, and lifetime depression episodes may worsen Alzheimer's disease pathology in the hippocampus. Vascular disease and elevated homocysteine increase risk for both late-onset depression and Alzheimer's disease and may partly mediate their relationship.

Neuropsychological and neuroimaging changes in preclinical Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common, devastating form of dementia. With the advent of promising symptomatic treatment, the importance of recognizing AD at its very earliest stages has increased. We review the extant neuropsychological and neuroimaging literature on preclinical AD, focusing on longitudinal studies of initially nondemented individuals and cross-sectional investigations comparing at-risk with normal individuals.

Epidemiology of and risk factors for psychosis of Alzheimer's disease: a review of 55 studies published from 1990 to 2003.

Objective: The authors reviewed studies published between 1990 and 2003 that reported the prevalence, incidence, and persistence of, as well as the risk factors associated with, psychosis of Alzheimer's disease.

Method: PubMed and PsycINFO databases were searched by using the terms "psychosis and Alzheimer disease" and "psychosis and dementia." Empirical investigations presenting quantitative data on the epidemiology of and/or risk factors for psychotic symptoms in Alzheimer's disease were included in the review.