Effect of naringenin on the pharmacokinetics of metoprolol succinate in rats.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of naringenin (4,5,7-trihydroxy flavonone) on the pharmacokinetics of metoprolol, a substrate of Cytochrome P-450 3A4 (CYP3A4), CYP2C9, and CYP2D6 in rats.Male Wistar rats were treated orally with metoprolol (30 mg/kg) alone and in combination with naringenin (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) once daily for 15 consecutive days.The plasma concentrations of metoprolol were determined using Reverse Phase-High Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) on the 1st day in single-dose pharmacokinetic (PK) study (SDS) and on the 15th day in multiple dosing PK studies (MDS).

Pharmacokinetic interaction study between flavanones (hesperetin, naringenin) and rasagiline mesylate in wistar rats.

Cytochrome P-450 (CYP) enzymes and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) play an important role in the oral bioavailability and first-pass-metabolism (FPM) of many drugs. Rasagiline is a selective, monoamine oxidase-B inhibitor and it undergoes significant FPM in the liver prior to excretion by CYP1A2. Hesperetin and naringenin are naturally occurring flavanones and are reported as modulators of CYP enzymes and P-gp.