FADD amplification is associated with CD8 T-cell exclusion and malignant progression in HNSCC.

Objective: This study aimed to clarify the relationship between FADD amplification and overexpression and the tumor immune microenvironment.

Methods: Immunohistochemical staining and bioanalysis were used to analyze the association between FADD expression in tumor cells and cells in tumor microenvironment. RNA-seq analysis was used to detect the differences in gene expression upon FADD overexpression.

Level IV neck dissection in cN0 HPV-negative oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: As opposed to observation of the neck, elective neck dissection has a survival benefit for cN0 oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). However, there are limited date on level IV neck dissection in human papillomavirus (HPV)-negative OPSCC because most earlier studies did not stratify by P16 or HPV status. Thus, whether to exclude level IV from selective dissection (SND) of cN0 HPV-negative OPSCC remains controversial.

Multiparametric CT-based assessment of pretracheal anatomical relationships for safe tracheotomy: A long-forgotten issue revisited.

Objectives: To assess the anatomical relationships and variations in the pretracheal space and to guide tracheotomy procedures in a safe manner with image-based evidence.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on unirradiated patients requiring elective tracheotomies. Preoperative contrast-enhanced CT (CECT)/CT venography (CTV) was applied for an anatomical evaluation of the pretracheal region.

Role of T-box genes in cancer, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and cancer stem cells.

Sharing a common DNA binding motif called T-box, transcription factor T-box gene family controls embryonic development and is also involved in cancer progression and metastasis. Cancer metastasis shows therapy resistance and involves complex processes. Among them, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) triggers cancer cell invasiveness and the acquisition of stemness of cancer cells, called cancer stem cells (CSCs).

Aberrant Methylation and Immune Microenvironment Are Associated With Overexpressed Fibronectin 1: A Diagnostic and Prognostic Target in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Fibronectin 1 (FN1) is involved in cell adhesion and migration processes such as metastasis, wound healing, embryogenesis, blood coagulation, and host defense. However, the role of FN1 in the diagnosis and prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is far from understood. FN1 expression profiles and clinical parameters from multiple HNSCC datasets were applied to evaluate the association between FN1 expression and HNSCC survival.

Salvage surgery for patients with residual/persistent diseases after improper or insufficient treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma: can we rectify these mistakes?

Background: Patterns of failure after treatment of oral and squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) are diversified, with recurrences being one of the common causes. A special group of patients are sometimes encountered in the outpatient clinic for improper or insufficient initial treatment with reports of positive margins, implying residual/persistent diseases. The question of whether these patients can be surgically salvaged remain unanswered.

A comparative study on using superior thyroid artery perforator flaps versus traditional sternocleidomastoid myocutaneous flaps for reconstructions after oral cancer ablation: "New tricks for old dogs"?

Objectives: To introduce new superior thyroid artery perforator flaps (STAPF), and to compare the clinical outcomes with sternocleidomastoid myocutaneous flaps (SCMMF) for their intraoral applications.

Materials And Methods: Between January 2013 and December 2020, forty-three oral cancer patients who received post-oncologic reconstructions with one of these two regional flaps were retrospectively collected. Their techniques and outcomes were compared.

Excision margin of T3 basal cell carcinoma in maxillofacial area: A retrospective cohort study of Asians.

Objectives: Basal cell carcinoma is the most common skin cancer worldwide. Surgical excision is considered as the mainstay of treatment, while the evidence of excision margin in advanced stage is lacking, especially in maxillofacial area.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a 2-center retrospective cohort study.

The multifaceted roles of nucleophagy in cancer development and therapy.

Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved process in which the cell degrades its own components and recycles the biomolecules for survival and homeostasis. It is an important cellular process to eliminate pathogens or damaged organelles. Nucleophagy, also termed as nuclear autophagy, is a more recently described subtype of autophagy, in which nuclear components, such as nuclear lamina and DNA, are to be degraded.

Autophagy is positively associated with the accumulation of myeloid‑derived suppressor cells in 4‑nitroquinoline‑1‑oxide‑induced oral cancer.

It has previously been demonstrated that autophagy and inflammation act synergistically to promote carcinogenesis. However, the precise roles of autophagy in multistep oral carcinogenesis are still unclear, particularly regarding its association with tumor inflammation. The present study established a 4NQO‑induced oral cancer mouse model and investigated autophagy status in the multistep process of oral carcinogenesis using immunohistochemistry, western blotting and immunofluorescence staining.

HSP27 associates with epithelial-mesenchymal transition, stemness and radioresistance of salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma.

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been shown to associate with cancer stem cells and radioresistance. However, it is obscure whether EMT itself or specific EMT regulators play causal roles in these properties of salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC). Here, we exhibited that overexpression of HSP27 drove the migration and invasion, induced EMT, as well as mediated TGF-β1-induced EMT in SACC cells, accompanying the up-regulation of Snail1 and Prrx1.

Long noncoding RNAs: emerging regulators of tumor angiogenesis.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) participate in multiple biological processes especially human diseases, of which, tumor seems to be one of the most significant. Angiogenesis has been deemed to have a pivotal role in a series of tumor biological behaviors in tumorigenesis, progression and prognosis. Emerging evidences suggested that lncRNAs are involved in tumor angiogenesis and lncRNAs have already been verified to be potential biomarkers and promising therapeutic targets.

LncRNAs as an intermediate in HPV16 promoting myeloid-derived suppressor cell recruitment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

The emerging evidence showed that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in cell growth and apoptosis as well as cancer progression and metastasis of malignant tumor, however, limited data are available on the role of lncRNAs in human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). Here, we demonstrated that 23.98% of 196 HNSCC cases in Southwest China could be classified as HPV16 infection.

The role of tumor microenvironment in collective tumor cell invasion.

For many cancer types, cancer cells invade into surrounding tissues by collective movement of cell groups that remain connected via cell-cell junctions. This migration is completely distinguished from single-cell migration, in which cancer cells disrupt the tight intercellular junctions and gain a mesenchymal phenotype. Recently, emerging evidence has revealed that collective cell invasion depends on not only cell-intrinsic mechanisms but also on extracellular mechanisms by bidirectional interplay between the tumor cell and the tumor environment.

[Postoperative infection bacteria and drug resistance in patients with oral and maxillofacial tumors].

Purpose: To evaluate postoperative infection patterns of patients suffering from oral and maxillofacial neoplasms. The risk factors giving rise to postoperative infections were analyzed. Infection bacteria and antibiotic resistance were investigated.

Emission Computed Tomography for the Diagnosis of Mandibular Invasion by Head and Neck Cancers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: To detect the diagnostic efficacy of emission computed tomography (ECT) in detecting mandibular invasion caused by head and neck cancers.

Materials And Methods: Thirteen databases were searched electronically to retrieve studies for inclusion and a manual search also was conducted. Study inclusion, data extraction, and quality assessment were completed by 2 reviewers independently.