Experimental study on the full cycle evolution of high-intensity atmospheric dc arc discharge from breakdown to extinguishment.

In this study, the spatiotemporal evolution of full cycle of high-intensity dc argon arc discharge at atmospheric pressure is investigated by using a transferred arc device, which is easy to be directly observed in the experiment. Combining the voltage and current waveforms with high-speed images, the full cycle evolution process of high-intensity atmospheric dc arc can be divided into five different stages: breakdown pulse stage, cathode heating stage, current climbing stage, stable arc discharge stage, and finally arc extinguishing stage. The characteristics of each different stage are analyzed in detail through the electrical properties, high-speed pictures, and spectroscopic measurements.

Fine mapping of the antigenic epitopes of the Gc protein of Guertu virus.

Guertu virus (GTV), a newly discovered member of the genus Banyangvirus in the family Phenuiviridae, poses a potential health threat to humans and animals. The viral glycoprotein (GP) binds to host cell receptors to induce a neutralizing immune response in the host. Therefore, identification of the B-cell epitopes (BCEs) in the immunodominant region of the GTV Gc protein is important for the elucidation of the virus-host cell interactions and the development of GTV epitope assays and vaccines.

[Prokaryotic expression and purification of nucleoprotein of Guertu virus and its establishment of ELISA detection method].

To obtain purified protein antigen of guertu virus (GTV) nucleoprotein (NP) and establish a rapid and accurate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method for detection of GTV antibody. Codon optimized GTV NP encoding genes were synthesized, cloned into the pet32a (+) vector, and recombinant expression plasmids were constructed and transformed into BL21 (DE3). Recombinant protein (rNP) obtained from the optimized expression were purified over a Ni column and identified by SDS-PAGE and Western blot.

Discovery of Tick-Borne Karshi Virus Implies Misinterpretation of the Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Seroprevalence in Northwest China.

Despite few human cases of tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), high rates of TBEV seroprevalence were reported among humans and animals in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in Northwestern China. In this study, the Karshi virus (KSIV) was identified and isolated from ticks in Xinjiang. It belongs to the genus of the family and is closely related to TBEV.

Evidence of Human Exposure to Tamdy Virus, Northwest China.

We report the isolation of Tamdy virus from Hyalomma asiaticum ticks in northwest China and serologic evidence of human Tamdy virus infection in the same region. These findings highlight the need to further investigate a potential causal relationship between Tamdy virus and febrile illnesses of unknown etiology in that region.

Molecular identification of common hard ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) in Xinjiang, China.

We provide data on the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and 16S rDNA genes for eight species of common hard ticks in Xinjiang: Dermacentor montanus, D. niveus, Haemaphysalis sulcate, Hyalomma asiaticum asiaticum, Hya. detritum, Hya.

Fine mapping epitope on Glycoprotein-Gn from Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus.

Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus (SFTSV) was recently identified as a tick-borne pathogen that threat to human health. Since 2010, many countries including China, South Korea, and Japan have reported Human SFTS caused by SFTSV infection. The glycoprotein encoded by the SFTSV M gene is the major antigenic component on the viral surface, and responsible for the viral entry, which makes it an important viral antigen and a clinical diagnostic target.

Antitumor effect of a pyrazolone-based-complex [Cu(PMPP-SAL)(EtOH)] against murine melanoma B16 cell in vitro and in vivo.

Pyrazolone-based derivative metal complexes were reported to have cytotoxicity in some tumor cells. In this study, the antitumor effect of [Cu(PMPP-SAL)(EtOH)] (PMPP-SAL = N-(1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-propenylidene-5-pyrazolone)- salicylidene hydrazide anion) in murine melanoma B16 cells in vitro and in vivo was investigated. The results showed that [Cu(PMPP-SAL)(EtOH)] inhibited the survival of B16 cells in vitro, and the IC50 value was superior to cisplatin (DDP) (p < 0.

Fine epitope mapping of glycoprotein Gn in Guertu virus.

Guertu virus (GTV) is a tick-borne phleboviruses (TBPVs) which belongs to the genus Banyangvirus in the family of Phenuiviridae. In vitro and in vivo studies of GTV demonstrated that it was able to infect animal and human cell lines and could cause pathological lesions in mice. Glycoproteins (GP, including Gn and Gc) on the surface of Guertu virus (GTV) could bind to receptors on host cells and induce protective immunity in the host, but knowledge is now lacking on the information of B cell epitopes (BCEs) present on GTV-GP protein.

Cervical cancer cell lines are sensitive to sub-erythemal UV exposure.

High risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are the causative agent in virtually every cervical cancer as well as a host of other anogenital and oropharyngeal malignancies. These viruses must activate DNA repair pathways to facilitate their replication, while avoiding the cell cycle arrest and apoptosis that can accompany DNA damage. HPV oncoproteins facilitate each of these goals, but also reduce genome stability.

Fine mapping epitope on glycoprotein-Gn from Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus.

Glycoprotein (GP) is a major antigen of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), and binds to its receptor on the host cell and induces protective immunity in the host. The aim of this study is to identify all linear B cell epitopes (BCEs) on the N-terminal glycoprotein (Gn) of CCHFV using a modified overlapping peptide biosynthesis method. The eight fine BCEs (Gn-E1a, RTQLV; E1b, EIH; E1c, IHEDSY; E1d, DSYG; E2, CKQGFC; E3a, GDILVD; E3b, DCSGGQQH, and E4, LGCPNVPL) were identified using the rabbit antisera, which all were recognized by serum from IgG-positive sheep CCHFV-infected naturally in Western blotting.

A novel tick-borne phlebovirus, closely related to severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus and Heartland virus, is a potential pathogen.

Tick-borne viral diseases have attracted much attention in recent years because of their increasing incidence and threat to human health. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome phlebovirus (SFTSV) and Heartland virus (HRTV) were recently identified as tick-borne phleboviruses (TBPVs) in Asia and the United States, respectively, and are associated with severe human diseases with similar clinical manifestations. In this study, we report the first identification and isolation of a novel TBPV named Guertu virus (GTV) from Dermacentor nuttalli ticks in Xinjiang Province, China, where TBPVs had not been previously discovered.

Prevalence and Phylogenetic Analysis of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in Ticks from Different Ecosystems in Xinjiang, China.

The Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), a member of the genus Orthonairovirus and family Nairoviridae, is transmitted by ticks and causes severe hemorrhagic disease in humans. To study the epidemiology of CCHFV in different ecosystems in Xinjiang, China, a total of 58,932 ticks were collected from Tarim Basin, Junggar Basin, Tianshan Mountain, and Altai Mountain from 2014 to 2017. Hyalomma asiaticum asiaticum was the dominant tick species in Tarim and Junggar basins, whereas Dermacentor nuttalli and Hyalomma detritum were found in Tianshan Mountain and Altai Mountain, respectively.

MELK is a novel therapeutic target in high-risk neuroblastoma.

Maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase (MELK) is known to modulate intracellular signaling and control cellular processes. However, the role of MELK in oncogenesis is not well defined. In this study, using two microarray datasets of neuroblastoma (NB) patients, we identified that MELK expression is significantly correlated to poor overall survival, unfavorable prognosis, and high-risk status.

TAK1 inhibitor 5Z-7-oxozeaenol sensitizes cervical cancer to doxorubicin-induced apoptosis.

Aberrant activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) allows cancer cells to escape chemotherapy-induced cell death and acts as one of the major mechanisms of acquired chemoresistance in cervical cancer. TAK1, a crucial mediator that upregulates NF-κB activation in response to cellular genotoxic stress, is required for tumor cell viability and survival. Herein, we examined whether TAK1 inhibition is a potential therapeutic strategy for treating cervical cancer.

Antigenicity of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus nucleocapsid protein and its potential application in the virus serodiagnosis.

Unlabelled: [Image: see text]

Electronic Supplementary Material: Supplementary material is available for this article at 10.1007/s12250-016-3928-9 and is accessible for authorized users.

Second-generation proteasome inhibitor carfilzomib sensitizes neuroblastoma cells to doxorubicin-induced apoptosis.

Neuroblastoma (NB), which accounts for about 15% of cancer-related mortality in children, is the most common extracranial malignant neoplasm in children. Elevated level of proteasome activity promotes cancer development and the inhibition of proteasome activity is a promising strategy for cancer treatment. Therefore, targeting proteasome by small molecule inhibitors may be a viable option for NB therapy.

A potential food biopreservative, CecXJ-37N, non-covalently intercalates into the nucleotides of bacterial genomic DNA beyond membrane attack.

The antibacterial activities and mechanism of an amide-modified peptide CecXJ-37N were investigated in this study. CecXJ-37N showed small MICs (0.25-7.

Synthesis, crystal structure and biological activity of two Mn complexes with 4-acyl pyrazolone derivatives.

In order to study the biological activities of transitional metal complexes based on 4-acyl pyrazolone derivatives, two Mn complexes [Mn(HLa)(La)]·(CH3CN)1.5·H2O (1) and [Mn2(Lb)2(μ-EtO)2(EtOH)2] (2) (H2La = N-(1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzoyl-5-pyrazolone)-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid hydrazide, H2Lb = N-(1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-propenylidene-5-pyrazolone)-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid hydrazide) have been synthesized and characterized. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that 1 is a mononuclear complex and 2 exhibits a dinuclear centrosymmetric structure.

A novel pyrazolone-based derivative induces apoptosis in human esophageal cells via reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and caspase-dependent mitochondria-mediated pathway.

Pyrazolone complexes have strong bio-activity but the anti-tumor mechanism of pyrazolone-based metal complexes is not fully understood. In this study, the inhibitory effect and possible mechanism of a novel pyrazolone-based derivative compound (Cd-PMPP-SAL) on human esophageal cancer cells were investigated. We found that Cd-PMPP-SAL inhibited the proliferation of Eca-109 cells in a dose-dependent manner and induced the apoptosis in the cells.