Camel Whey Protein Attenuates Acute Heat Stress-Induced Kidney Injury in Rats by Up-Regulating CYP2J Activity and Activating PI3K/AKT/eNOS to Inhibit Oxidative Stress.

Camel whey protein (CWP) is a potent natural antioxidant, noted for its abundance of antioxidant amino acids. Despite its promising properties, the precise mechanisms underlying its effects remain inadequately explored. This study aims to investigate the impact of CWP on kidney damage induced by acute heat stress in rats, as well as to elucidate its mechanism of action.

Establishment of the HPLC fluorescence detection method for plasma trace ivermectin and its pharmacokinetics in Bactrian camel.

Background And Objective: Ivermectin (IVM), a widely used veterinary anthelmintic, lacks recommended doses for Bactrian camels. This study aims to establish its pharmacokinetics in Bactrian camels, comparing with other livestock.

Methods: A method for high-performance liquid chromatography fluorescence detection of IVM in plasma was developed.

Transcriptomic profiling of different developmental stages reveals parasitic strategies of Wohlfahrtia magnifica, a myiasis-causing flesh fly.

Background: Wohlfahrtia magnifica is an obligatory parasite that causes myiasis in several warm-blooded vertebrates. Adult females deposit the first-stage larvae directly onto wounds or natural body orifices (e.g.

Identification of freshwater snail species and survey of their trematode infections in Ordos, China.

In order to investigate and study the species and distribution of freshwater snails in Ordos area of Inner Mongolia, as well as the trematode infection in different periods, and to provide a scientific basis for the effective prevention and control of livestock trematodiasis. In this paper, freshwater snails distributed in Ordos were widely collected for morphological identification, and PCR amplification of freshwater snails COI gene and ITS2 gene was carried out with the help of molecular biology. At the same time, microscopic examination was used to observe the trematode infection of freshwater snails in two different periods from May to July and July to September, and the molecular biology of the trematodes was identified.

Genome and Transcriptome Analyses Facilitate Genetic Control of , a Myiasis-Causing Flesh Fly.

Myiasis caused by is a widespread parasitic infestation in mammals. The infested host suffers from damage as the developing larvae feed on its tissues. For the control of myiasis infestation, genetic methods have been shown to be effective and promising as an alternative to insecticides.

Research progress and limitation analysis of RNA interference in in China.

is a highly pathogenic and economically important parasitic nematode that affects small ruminants worldwide. While omics studies hold great promise, there are fewer research tools available for analyzing subsequent gene function studies. RNA interference (RNAi) technology offers a solution to this problem, as it especially allows for the knockout or shutting off of the expression of specific genes.

Comparative study of the function and structure of the gut microbiota in Siberian musk deer and Forest musk deer.

Musk deer are famous for their secretion of musk; however, the scale of artificial breeding of musk deer is limited. Considering the lack of a comprehensive understanding of the gut microbiota, there is a need to study the gut microbiota of Siberian musk deer (SMD). Quantitative PCR analysis and high-throughput sequencing were used to show the differences in gut microbial communities and functions between SMD and forest musk deer (FMD).

Genomic insights into evolution and control of Wohlfahrtia magnifica, a widely distributed myiasis-causing fly of warm-blooded vertebrates.

Wohlfahrtia magnifica is a pest fly species, invading livestock in many European, African and Asian countries, and causing heavy agroeconomic losses. In the life cycle of this obligatory parasite, adult flies infect the host by depositing the first-stage larvae into body cavities or open wounds. The feeding larvae cause severe (skin) tissue damage and potentially fatal infections if untreated.

Camel whey protein alleviates heat stress-induced liver injury by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and inhibiting HMGB1 release.

This study aimed to investigate the mechanism by which camel whey protein (CWP) inhibits the release of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in heat stress (HS)-stimulated rat liver. Administration of CWP by gavage prior to HS inhibited the cytoplasmic translocation of HMGB1 and consequently reduced the inflammatory response in the rat liver, and downregulated the levels of the NLR pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, interleukin (IL)-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. The use of N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), an inhibitor of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, indicated that this downregulation effect may be attributed to the antioxidant activity of CWP.

Positivity Rate Investigation and Anthelmintic Resistance Analysis of Gastrointestinal Nematodes in Sheep and Cattle in Ordos, China.

Gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs), such as , are important pathogens in small ruminants, causing significant losses in these livestock species. Despite their veterinary importance, GINs have not been studied in certain regions of the world. Therefore, much of their epidemiology and economic impact on production remain unknown.

Hydrolyzed camel whey protein alleviated heat stress-induced hepatocyte damage by activated Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and inhibited NF-κB/NLRP3 axis.

Liver damage is the most severe complication of heat stress (HS). Hydrolyzed camel whey protein (CWP) possesses bioactive peptides with obviously antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The current study aims to investigate whether CWP that is hydrolyzed by a simulated gastrointestinal digestion process, named S-CWP, protects BRL-3A hepatocytes from HS-induced damage via antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms.

Genetic characteristics of Giardia duodenalis from sheep in Inner Mongolia, China.

Giardia duodenalis is an important zoonotic pathogen for both human and animal health. Although there have been reports on G. duodenalis infections in animals all over the world, information regarding the prevalence and genetic characteristics of G.

Whole-genome sequencing of wild Siberian musk deer (Moschus moschiferus) provides insights into its genetic features.

Background: Siberian musk deer, one of the seven species, is distributed in coniferous forests of Asia. Worldwide, the population size of Siberian musk deer is threatened by severe illegal poaching for commercially valuable musk and meat, habitat losses, and forest fire. At present, this species is categorized as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List.

Whole-genome sequencing of 128 camels across Asia reveals origin and migration of domestic Bactrian camels.

The domestic Bactrian camels were treated as one of the principal means of locomotion between the eastern and western cultures in history. However, whether they originated from East Asia or Central Asia remains elusive. To address this question, we perform whole-genome sequencing of 128 camels across Asia.

Effects of CYP1A enzyme specific inhibitor on pharmacokinetics of para-acetaminophen in Bactrian camel.

The effects of CYP1A enzyme on the pharmacokinetics of p-acetaminophen were studied in Bactrian camel. Twelve Bactrian camels were divided into 2 groups, then given a single dose of p-acetaminophen only or with the enzyme inhibitor lomefloxacin. Blood samples were collected after different intervals, and p-acetaminophen concentration was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography.

Diversity and distribution of CYP gene family in Bactrian camel.

Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes belong to a superfamily of monooxygenases which are phase I enzymes responsible for the first pass metabolism of about 90% of drugs in animals. However, these enzymes are often polymorphic and metabolism of the same drug in different species or different individuals is influenced by genetic and non-genetic factors. Bactrian camels are capable of survival in harsh living environments, being able to consume diets that are often toxic to other mammals and can tolerate extreme water and food deprivation.

Comparative analysis of fecal microbial communities in cattle and Bactrian camels.

Bactrian camels may have a unique gastrointestinal (GI) microbiome because of their distinctive digestive systems, unique eating habits and extreme living conditions. However, understanding of the microbial communities in the Bactrian camel GI tract is still limited. In this study, microbial communities were investigated by comparative analyses of 16S rRNA hypervariable region V4 sequences of fecal bacteria sampled from 94 animals in four population groups: Inner Mongolian cattle (IMG-Cattle), Inner Mongolian domestic Bactrian camels (IMG-DBC), Mongolian domestic Bactrian camels (MG-DBC), and Mongolian wild Bactrian camels (MG-WBC).

[Image identification for microscopic structures of Mongolian herbal flowers with invariant moments].

Microscopic characteristics of several Mongolian Herbal flowers were extracted by improved Pseudo-Jacobi (p = 4, q = 2)-Fourier Moments (PJFM's), and 368 different versions of 28 microscopic characteristics of these herbs were identified by using the minimum-mean-distance rule. The experimental results showed that the average identification rate reaches as high as 98.1%.

Image analysis by pseudo-Jacobi (p = 4, q = 3)-Fourier moments.

Pseudo-Jacobi (p = 4, q = 3)-Fourier moments (PJFMs) based on Jacobi polynomials are described. The new orthogonal radial polynomials have almost uniformly distributed (n + 2) zeros in the region of small radial distance 0 < or = r < or = 1. Both theoretical and experimental results indicate that PJFMs are better than orthogonal Fourier-Mellin moments in terms of reconstruction errors and signal-to-noise ratio.