Insecticidal Activity of Essential Oil against the Stable Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) and the Horse Fly (Diptera: Tabanidae).

The stable fly, (Diptera: Muscidae), and the horse fly, (Diptera: Tabanidae), are important ectoparasites of livestock in Thailand. These species affect animal health and cause economic losses. This study investigated the insecticidal activity of essential oil against and through contact and fumigant toxicity tests and evaluated the effects of the essential oil on these flies through histopathological and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) studies.