Nanoconstructs as a versatile tool for detection and diagnosis of Alzheimer biomarkers.

The current review focuses towards the advancements made in the past decade in the field of nanotechnology for the early Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis. This review includes the application of nanomaterials and nanosensors for the early detection of the main AD biomarkers (amyloid beta, phosphorylated tau, apolipoprotein E4 allele or APOE4, microRNAs, cholesterol, hydrogen peroxide etc) in biological fluids, to detect the biomarkers at a very low concentration ranging in pico, femto and even atto molar concentrations. The field of drug development has always aimed and is constantly working on developing disease modifying drugs, but these drugs will only succeed when given in the early disease stages.

Development and optimization of locust bean gum and sodium alginate interpenetrating polymeric network of capecitabine.

Objective: The objective of the study was to develop interpenetrating polymeric network (IPN) of capecitabine (CAP) using natural polymers locust bean gum (LBG) and sodium alginate (NaAlg).

Significance: The IPN microbeads were optimized by Box-Behnken Design (BBD) to provide anticipated particle size with good drug entrapment efficiency. The comparative dissolution profile of IPN microbeads of CAP with the marketed preparation proved an excellent sustained drug delivery vehicle.

Japanese Encephalitis in Assam, India: Need to Increase Healthcare Workers' Understanding to Improve Health Care.

Introduction: Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a major cause of high morbidity and mortality in several states across India. However, in 2014, a sharp rise was observed in the number of cases of JE in north-eastern Assam state, and 51% of the total cases of JE in India were reported from the Assam in the same year. In this regard, a study was conducted to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of healthcare workers in Darrang, a district of Assam highly affected by JE.

Knowledge, attitude and practice of B.Sc. Pharmacy students about antibiotics in Trinidad and Tobago.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of B.Sc. Pharmacy students about usage and resistance of antibiotics in Trinidad and Tobago.

Significance of pharmaceutical excipients in prescribed medicines: a case report.

Pharmaceutical excipients need careful observation as they play a significant role in treatment outcomes. It is imperative for a physician to collect complete patient profile before prescribing new medications for current treatment. We present a case report on the significance of pharmaceutical excipients in prescribed medicines.

Controlled release chitosan microspheres of mirtazapine: in vitro and in vivo evaluation.

The purpose of the study was to formulate and evaluate controlled release chitosan microspheres of mirtazapine (MTZ) to improve the bioavailability by altering the pharmacokinetic profiles of the drug. Chitosan microspheres were prepared to prolong the release of the drug into the systemic circulation. Microspheres were prepared by a single water in oil (w/o) emulsion technique varying the chitosan/drug ratio, stirring speed and concentration of the crosslinking agent (glutaraldehyde).

Impact of chronic disease assistance program on the retail pharmacy sector: A retrospective study.

Objective: To assess the impacts of chronic disease assistance program (CDAP) on economic parameters, human resource and pharmacy structure and pharmaceutical care on the retail industry in Trinidad and Tobago.

Materials And Methods: A partially perceptual retrospective investigation was carried out in 60 pharmacies from all regions (North East, North West, Central and South) in Trinidad. Questionnaires were distributed to all pharmacists of the each pharmacies indicated above.

Novel liquid chromatographic method for simultaneous estimation of pioglitazone and glimepiride in rat plasma by solid phase extraction: application to preclinical pharmacokinetic studies.

The need for a reliable bioanalytical method is of primary importance during preclinical studies. The aim of the present study was simultaneous determination of pioglitazone (CAS 111025-46-8) (PIO) and glimepiride (CAS 93479-97-1) (GLM) in plasma of rats. A high-performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed and validated using C18 column and UV detector.

Development of mucoadhesive buccal films for the treatment of oral sub-mucous fibrosis: a preliminary study.

The objective of the present study was to develop the mucoadhesive buccal film of valdecoxib for the treatment of oral sub mucous fibrosis, a localized buccal disease. Valdecoxib, a novel COX-2 inhibitor has been reported to be used in various osteopathic and rheumatoid conditions as oral therapy. The films were made out of chitosan and HPMC K4M as polymers.

Multiparticulate drug delivery system of aceclofenac: development and in vitro studies.

The aim of this study was to develop an enteric-coated multiunit dosage form containing aceclofenac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. The pellets were prepared by using extrusion/spheronization method, and the core pellets were coated with a pH-sensitive poly(meth) acrylate copolymer (Eudragit L100-55) to achieve site-specific drug release. The formulated pellets were characterized for percentage yield, size distribution, surface morphology studies, drug content, and flow properties.

Review: dalbavancin--a novel lipoglycopeptide antimicrobial for gram positive pathogens.

Glycopeptide antibiotics represent an important class of microbial compounds produced by several genera of actinomycetes. The emergence of resistance to glycopeptides among enterococci and staphylococci has prompted the search for second-generation drugs of this class and semi-synthetic derivatives are currently under clinical trials. Antimicrobial resistance among gram-positive organisms has been increasing steadily during the past several decades.