Effect of preoperative oral carbohydrate loading on postoperative insulin resistance, patient-perceived well-being, and surgical outcomes in elective colorectal surgery: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Insulin resistance (IR) is one of the independent determinants influencing the length of hospital stay (LOHS) and postoperative complications in colorectal procedures. Preoperative oral carbohydrate loading (OCL) has emerged as a prospective countermeasure for IR. This study aimed to investigate the effects of preoperative carbohydrate loading on postoperative IR, inflammatory parameters, and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery.

Prophylactic Negative Pressure Wound Therapy in Reducing Surgical Site Infections in Closed Abdominal Incision: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of prophylactic negative pressure wound therapy (PNPWT) in reducing the incidence of surgical site infection (SSI) and other wound complications in closed abdominal incisions. This was a prospective, single-center, open-label parallel arm superiority randomized controlled trial conducted over 2 years. Participants were randomly assigned to PNPWT and standard surgical dressing (SSD) group.

Comparison of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Pathway Versus Standard Care in Patients Undergoing Elective Stoma Reversal Surgery- A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Practices such as prolonged preoperative fasting, bowel preparation, delayed ambulation and resumption of orals result in morbidity in 15-20% of stoma reversal cases which can be improved by Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) pathways.

Aim: To evaluate the safety, feasibility and efficacy of ERAS pathway in patients undergoing elective loop ileostomy or colostomy reversal surgery METHODS: This was an open-labeled, superiority randomized controlled trial in which patients undergoing loop ileostomy or colostomy reversal were randomized to standard or ERAS care. Patients with ASA class ≥3, needing laparotomy for stoma reversal, cardiac, renal and neurological illnesses were excluded.

Comparison of Short-Course and Conventional Antimicrobial Duration in Mild and Moderate Complicated Intra-Abdominal Infections: A randomised controlled trial.

Objectives: Studies have shown the feasibility of short-course antimicrobials in complicated intra-abdominal infection (CIAI) following source control procedure (SCP). This study aimed to compare postoperative complication rates in short-course (5 days) and conventional (7-10 days) duration groups after antimicrobial therapy.

Methods: This was a single-centre, open-labelled, randomised controlled trial conducted in Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India, from July 2017 to December 2019 on patients with CIAI.

Correlation of Preoperative Anemia Subtypes with Tumor Characteristics, Systemic Inflammation and Immediate Postoperative Outcomes in Gastrointestinal Cancer Patients - A Prospective Observational Study.

Purpose: Patients with gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies more frequently present with anemia. A large proportion of them exhibit a systemic inflammatory response causing anemia of chronic disease. Although tumor factors play an essential role in determining the prognosis, studies have also reported the role of host factors in the outcome.

Is There an Association between Variceal Bleed and Helicobacter pylori Infection in Cirrhotic Patients with Portal Hypertension?: A prospective cohort study.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the association between infection and variceal bleeding as well as rebleeding in cases of cirrhosis with portal hypertension.

Methods: This prospective cohort study included patients with bleeding oesophageal varices and was conducted at the Department of Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India, from August 2016 to July 2018.

Results: A total of 190 patients were assessed for eligibility, of which 159 patients were included in this study.

The Diagnostic Dilemma of Ruptured Liver Metastasis in a Patient with Lung Cancer: A case report.

Spontaneous rupture of a metastatic liver tumour is rarely documented in the literature when compared to hepatocellular carcinoma and other liver lesions, especially from a lung primary. We report a case of ruptured liver metastasis from an adenocarcinoma of the lung mimicking ruptured liver abscess, challenging the clinical diagnosis. A 42-year-female patient presented to a tertiary care institute in 2020 with complaints of abdominal pain, breathlessness and fever.

Effect of Synbiotics in Reducing the Systemic Inflammatory Response and Septic Complications in Moderately Severe and Severe Acute Pancreatitis: A Prospective Parallel-Arm Double-Blind Randomized Trial.

Aim: This study aimed at evaluating the efficacy of synbiotics in reducing septic complications in moderately severe and severe acute pancreatitis.

Methods: This was a prospective, parallel-arm, double-blinded superiority randomized control study. All patients with moderately severe and severe acute pancreatitis were included in the study.

Evaluation of Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse Imaging in Differentiating Benign and Malignant Cervical Lymphadenopathy.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic role of acoustic radiation force impulse imaging (ARFI) in differentiating benign and malignant cervical nodes.

Methods: This was a diagnostic accuracy cross-sectional study. All patients who underwent ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of cervical nodes were included.

Acute Upper Non-variceal and Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding.

Acute gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is a common surgical emergency requiring hospital admission and associated with high morbidity and mortality. Appropriate decision-making is essential to make a prompt diagnosis, accurate risk assessment, and proper resuscitation of patients with gastrointestinal bleeding. Despite multiple randomized trials and meta-analyses, there is still controversy on various management issues like appropriate risk stratification, the timing of endoscopy, choosing an appropriate endoscopic, and radiological intervention in these groups of patients.

Adapted ERAS Pathway Versus Standard Care in Patients Undergoing Emergency Surgery for Perforation Peritonitis-a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) pathways have an uncertain role in emergencies. To the best of our knowledge, there are no trials studying ERAS in perforation peritonitis across the GI tract, despite it being a common surgical emergency.

Aims: To evaluate the safety, feasibility and efficacy of adapted ERAS protocols in emergency laparotomy for perforation peritonitis.

Serial estimation of serum C-reactive protein and procalcitonin for early detection of anastomotic leak after elective intestinal surgeries: a prospective cohort study.

Objectives: Anastomotic leak can adversely affect the outcome of surgery especially if detected late. The present study was carried out to detect the anastomotic leak early in the postoperative period using serial estimation of procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP).

Material And Methods: A single centre prospective cohort study was done on patients undergoing elective gastrointestinal surgery with anastomosis.

Role of Sarcopenia in Predicting the Postoperative Morbidity and Perioperative Mortality in Patients Undergoing Elective Surgery for Gastric Cancer.

Purpose Of Study: This study was done to assess the effect of sarcopenia and other risk factors on the postoperative morbidity and perioperative mortality of patients undergoing elective surgery for gastric cancer.

Methods: This was a prospective cohort study comprising a single group of patients undergoing elective surgery for gastric cancer carried out in a tertiary care center in India. Patients diagnosed with gastric cancer underwent contrast-enhanced computed tomography preoperatively.

Procalcitonin and C-Reactive Protein as an Early Predictor of Infection in Elective Gastrointestinal Cancer Surgery-a Prospective Observational Study.

Background: Postoperative infections are a common entity following elective gastrointestinal surgery among which intra-abdominal infection is notorious and life threatening. Early detection could reduce postoperative morbidity and permit safe and early discharge. This study was aimed to establish the usefulness of procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) on postoperative day 3 as reliable markers for early detection of intra-abdominal infection and other postoperative infections following elective gastrointestinal cancer surgery.

Acute Intestinal Obstruction as an Initial Presentation of Mesenteric Venous Thrombosis.

Intestinal ischemia commonly occurs after arterial thrombosis or embolism. Thrombosis of the mesenteric vein accounts for less than 10% of cases of intestinal ischemia. Superior mesenteric vein thrombosis (SMVT) in its chronic form is less culpable to produce intestinal ischemia as it forms sufficient collateral drainage.

Association between serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D level and gastric adenocarcinoma - a cross sectional study.

Introduction: Vitamin D is found to have anti-cancer properties. Although the preventive role of vitamin D in cancer is proven, its role in gastric cancer is equivocal.

Aim: To evaluate vitamin D deficiency in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma and its relationship with the disease characteristics.

Pulmonary cryptosporidiosis in a case of adenocarcinoma of stomach: A rare case report.

species are commonly known to cause chronic intractable diarrhea in patients suffering from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, however extra-intestinal presentations have been rarely reported. Hereby, we report a rare case of isolated pulmonary cryptosporidiosis in a 75-year-old HIV-negative patient with metastatic carcinoma of the stomach who was managed conservatively with hemostatic radiotherapy for palliative care. The patient had presented with cough with expectoration for 2 months.

Erratum: Serial estimation of serum C-reactive protein and procalcitonin for early detection of anastomotic leak after elective intestinal surgeries-prospective cohort study.

[This corrects the article on p. 022 in vol. 37.

Factors predicting prolonged hospitalization after abdominal wall hernia repair - a prospective observational study.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify the factors predicting prolonged hospitalization following abdominal wall hernia repair.

Material And Methods: This was a prospective observational study which included patients operated for elective and emergency abdominal wall hernias. Details of the patients including demographic profile, hernia characteristics, and perioperative factors were collected.

Isolated internal iliac artery infected pseudoaneurysm occlusion using endovascular coil embolisation.

A 34-year-old man presented with painful swelling in the right gluteal region. The MRI showed right sacroiliitis and adjacent intramuscular abscess. The abscess was drained by a pigtail insertion followed by incision and drainage.

A qualitative exploratory study of delay in the presentation of gastrointestinal cancer.

Introduction: Patients with gastrointestinal (GI) cancers often present late in the advanced stages, due to various reasons and may experience delays in treatment. Hence, we have attempted to find the factors leading to this delay.

Methods: This was an exploratory qualitative study, in a tertiary care hospital, including 20 patients with advanced GI cancers.

Hunger-Based Versus Conventional Oral Feeding in Moderate and Severe Acute Pancreatitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The length of hospitalization is prolonged in patients with acute pancreatitis due to delay in feeding. The present study aimed at evaluating hunger-based early feeding for its efficacy in reducing length of hospitalisation.

Aims And Methods: This was a parallel arm superiority randomized control trial.