The Utilization of Video Technology in Surgical Education: A Systematic Review.

Background: The use of surgical video has great potential to enhance surgical education, but there exists limited information about how to effectively use surgical videos. We performed a systematic review of video technology in surgical training and provided evidence-based recommendations for its effective use.

Materials And Methods: A systematic review of literature on surgical video in residency education was conducted.

Validation of the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Risk Model for Patients Undergoing Panniculectomy.

Unlabelled: Panniculectomy procedures have been reported to significantly improve quality of life, increase mobility, and improve hygiene in patients with a significant pannus formation. The primary aims of this study were to determine which preoperative risk factors may be used to differentiate postoperative complication rate among patient cohorts and to validate utilization of the American College of Surgeons (ACS) National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) risk calculator in patients undergoing panniculectomies.

Methods: This retrospective study included all patients who underwent a panniculectomy procedure at our institution from 2005 to 2016.

Alteration in branchial NKA and NKCC ion-transporter expression and ionocyte distribution in adult hilsa during up-river migration.

Hilsa (Tenualosa ilisha) is a clupeid that migrates from the off-shore area through the freshwater river for spawning. The purpose of this study was to investigate the involvement of branchial Na/K-ATPase (NKA) and Na/K/2Cl cotransporter (NKCC) in maintaining ionic homeostasis in hilsa while moving across the salt barriers. Hilsa, migrating through marine and brackish waters, did not show any significant decline in NKA activity, plasma osmolality, and plasma ionic concentration.

Outcomes of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Patients Supported with a Left Ventricular Assist Device.

Background: An increasing number of end-stage heart failure patients are supported with left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation and must be maintained on consistent anticoagulation. These patients are experiencing prolonged survival and, in some, there is development of new biliary disease. However, safety and outcomes of this procedure in this unique patient group is not well reported.

Microplankton dynamics of a coastal lagoon, Chilika: interactive effect of environmental parameters on microplankton groups.

Microplankton population of Asia's largest coastal lagoon Chilika was studied for five major groups, bacillariophyceae, cyanophyceae, chlorophyceae, dinophyceae, rotifera, and tintinninae. The study reported presence of 233 species of microplankton whose average annual abundance was 1631 cells/l. The physicochemical parameters contributing to the spatio-temporal fluctuations in microplankton diversity, abundance, and community structure were identified as salinity, pH, DO, nitrate, and silicate.

Discriminant Function Analysis of Foramen Magnum Variables in South Indian Population: A Study of Computerised Tomographic Images.

Background And Objectives: The foramen magnum as a transition area between skull and spine plays an important role as a landmark, because of its close relationship to vital structures such as the brain and spinal cord. Configuration and size of the foramen magnum play an important role for assessing craniovertebral relations. The objectives of the present study are to find out shape and dimensions of foramen magnum in cranial CT scans.

Ectopic expression of olfactory receptors and associated G-protein subunits in the head integument of the amphihaline migratory fish hilsa Tenualosa ilisha.

The chemosensory nature of the tissue from the dorsal surface of the head (also termed sensory pad; SP) of the amphihaline diadromous fish hilsa Tenualosa ilisha was investigated for odorant receptor (OR), olfactory marker protein (OMP) and G-protein subunits (Gαs-olf, Gαq, Gαo, Gαi3) through immunolocalization and immunoblotting techniques. The immunolocalization of OR, OMP and G-protein subunits showed clear expression of these proteins in the tissues of the SP. Robust expressions of these proteins in the SP were detected with immunoblot analysis.

Structural organization of the olfactory organ in an amphihaline migratory fish Hilsa, Tenualosa ilisha.

The histological as well as ultramicroscopic structures of olfactory system of an amphihaline migratory fish hilsa Tenualosa ilisha, were studied. The sexually matured riverine fish were collected from a common breeding habitat-the Hooghly, a tributary of river Ganga, West Bengal, India. This study revealed that the riverine hilsa has larger olfactory bulb compared to marine hilsa with the olfactory lobes well exposed through nostrils.

Binder driven self-assembly of metal-organic cubes towards functional hydrogels.

The process of assembling astutely designed, well-defined metal-organic cube (MOC) into hydrogel by using a suitable molecular binder is a promising method for preparing processable functional soft materials. Here, we demonstrate charge-assisted H-bonding driven hydrogel formation from Ga-based anionic MOC ((Ga(ImDC))) and molecular binders, like, ammonium ion (NH), N-(2-aminoethyl)-1,3-propanediamine, guanidine hydrochloride and β-alanine. The morphology of the resulting hydrogel depends upon the size, shape and geometry of the molecular binder.

Surface topography and hydrophilicity regulate macrophage phenotype in milled microfluidic systems.

Micromilling is an underutilized technique for fabricating microfluidic platforms that is well-suited for the diverse needs of the biologic community. This technique, however, produces culture surfaces that are considerably rougher than in commercially available culture platforms and the hydrophilicity of these surfaces can vary considerably depending on the choice of material. In this study, we evaluated the impact of surface topography and hydrophilicity in milled microfluidic devices on the cellular phenotype and function of primary human macrophages.

A Novel Approach for the Management and Prevention of Self-Induced Masticatory Lingual Trauma in the Neurologically Injured Patient.

Self-induced masticatory trauma is an unfortunate complication of a variety of neurologic disorders, including epileptic seizures, cerebral palsy, mental retardation, psychiatric disease, and brain trauma, in addition to other described etiologies. While single or occasional occurrences of tongue biting are relatively benign, recurrent self-injury can pose major issues and predispose a patient to chronic, severe complications. To prevent the complications associated with ongoing trauma to the tongue, steps must be taken to protect individuals from chronic self-injurious behavior.

Development of an in situ procedure to evaluate the reticulo-rumen morphology of sheep selected for divergent methane emissions.

Published studies have shown that methane yield (g CH4/kg dry matter) from sheep is positively correlated with the size (volume and surface area) of the reticulo-rumen (RR) and the weight of its contents. However, the relationship between CH4 yield and RR shape has not been investigated. In this work, shape analysis has been performed on a data set of computerised tomography (CT) scans of the RR from sheep having high and low CH4 yields (n=20 and n=17, respectively).

Solvent-Modulated Emission Properties in a Superhydrophobic Oligo( p-phenyleneethynylene)-Based 3D Porous Supramolecular Framework.

A chromophoric oligo( p-phenyleneethynylene) (OPE) bola-amphiphile with dioxyoctyl side chains (HOPE-C) has been self-assembled with Cd to form a 1D coordination polymer, {Cd(OPE-C)(DMF)(HO)} (1), which is further interdigitated to form a 2D network. Such 2D networks are further interwoven to form a 3D supramolecular framework with surface-projected alkyl chains. The desolvated framework showed permanent porosity, as realized from the CO adsorption profile.

The Utility of Polyether-Ether-Ketone Implants Adjacent to Sinus Cavities After Craniofacial Trauma.

Purpose: Polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) implants have become increasingly popular for use in reconstructive procedures. It is imperative to understand the consequences of using this biomaterial in anatomic sites that can pose a risk of infection. Specifically, the use of PEEK in paranasal sinus cavity reconstruction is not well documented.

The Role of Reconstructive Surgery After Skeletal and Soft Tissue Sarcoma Resection.

Background: Skeletal and soft tissue reconstruction after sarcoma resection remains challenging. The use of advanced reconstructive techniques has been shown to improve function and increase rates of limb salvage. This study aims to analyze the utilization of plastic surgery within a multidisciplinary team approach after sarcoma resection at Duke University Medical Center from 2001 to 2014.

Non-invasive paper-based microfluidic device for ultra-low detection of urea through enzyme catalysis.

This work describes the design, fabrication and characterization of a paper-based microfluidic device for ultra-low detection of urea through enzyme catalysis. The microfluidic system comprises an entry port, a fluidic channel, a reaction zone and two electrodes (contacts). Wax printing was used to create fluidic channels on the surface of a chromatography paper.

Fibrillin-1 insufficiency alters periodontal wound healing failure in a mouse model of Marfan syndrome.

Objective: Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a systemic connective tissue disorder caused by insufficient fibrillin-1 (FBN-1), a major component of microfibrils that controls the elasticity and integrity of connective tissues. FBN-1 insufficiency in MFS leads to structural weakness, which causes various tissue disorders, including cardiovascular and periodontal disease. However, the role of FBN-1 insufficiency in the destruction and regeneration of connective tissue has not yet been clarified.

Clinical study on microsurgical treatment for craniopharyngioma in a single consecutive institutional series of 335 patients.

Objectives: The optimal management of craniopharyngioma is still controversial. The aim of this study is to explore microsurgical outcomes of craniopharyngioma in 335 cases.

Patients And Methods: Clinical data of 335 consecutive patients with craniopharyngioma between March 2011 and March 2017 were retrospectively analyzed.

Cardiopulmonary and Metabolic Effects of Yoga in Healthy Volunteers.

Background: Yoga the spiritual union of mind with the divine intelligence of the universe aims to liberate a human being from conflicts of body-mind duality. Beneficial cardiovascular and pulmonary effects of yoga are in par with aerobic exercise, even amounting to replace the exercise model. We conducted an interventional study in healthy volunteers, to analyze the impact of short-term yoga training on cardiovascular, pulmonary, autonomic function tests, lipid profile, and thyroid function tests.

Management of Patients With Left Ventricular Assist Devices Requiring Teeth Extraction: Is Halting Anticoagulation Appropriate?

Purpose: An increasing number of patients with end-stage heart failure are supported with left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation and must be maintained on a consistent anticoagulation regimen. Pre-emptive extraction of carious teeth in these patients is necessary to prevent seeding of the implanted device and endocarditis. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate bleeding complications after minor oral surgery, specifically teeth extractions, in this unique patient population requiring long-term anticoagulation.

Experimental models of pancreatic cancer desmoplasia.

Desmoplasia is a fibro-inflammatory process and a well-established feature of pancreatic cancer. A key contributor to pancreatic cancer desmoplasia is the pancreatic stellate cell. Various in vitro and in vivo methods have emerged for the isolation, characterization, and use of pancreatic stellate cells in models of cancer-associated fibrosis.

Impact of molybdenum out diffusion and interface quality on the performance of sputter grown CZTS based solar cells.

We have investigated the impact of CuZnSnS-Molybdenum (Mo) interface quality on the performance of sputter-grown CuZnSnS (CZTS) solar cell. Thin film CZTS was deposited by sputter deposition technique using stoichiometry quaternary CZTS target. Formation of molybdenum sulphide (MoS) interfacial layer is observed in sputter grown CZTS films after sulphurization.

Clinicopathological features and microsurgical outcomes for giant pediatric intracranial tumor in 60 consecutive cases.

Purpose: Giant pediatric intracranial tumor (GPIT) remains to be a challenging disease with high morbidity and mortality.

Methods: The clinical data of 60 patients under 18 years of age operated on with GPIT (≥5 cm in diameter) were retrospectively analyzed.

Results: Gross total resection was achieved in 46 cases (77%) and subtotal resection was obtained in 14 cases (23%).

Acute effects of mobile phone radiations on subtle energy levels of teenagers using electrophotonic imaging technique: A randomized controlled study.

Background: Mobile phones induce radio frequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) which has been found to affect subtle energy levels of adults through Electrophotonic Imaging (EPI) technique in a previous pilot study.

Materials And Methods: We enrolled 61 healthy right-handed healthy teenagers (22 males and 39 females) in the age range of 17.40 ± 0.