Normative Cognitive Scores in Western India, Stratified by Age, Rurality, Cognitive Domains, and Psychiatric Comorbidity.

Background And Objectives: Indian ethnic and educational diversities necessitate obtaining normative cognitive data in different populations. We aimed to evaluate cognitive scores using a Marathi translation of the Kolkata cognitive battery (KCB) and to study the association of KCB components with depression and sociodemographic variables.

Materials And Methods: We studied 2,651 individuals aged ≥40 years without preexisting neuropsychiatric conditions from urban (Mumbai) and rural districts of Maharashtra.

Virus-induced gene silencing-based functional characterization of genes associated with powdery mildew resistance in barley.

We successfully implemented virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) in barley (Hordeum vulgare) for the functional characterization of genes required for Mla13-mediated resistance toward the biotrophic barley pathogen Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei.