Salinity legacy: Foliar microbiome's history affects mutualist-conferred salinity tolerance.

The rapid human-driven changes in the environment during the Anthropocene have placed extreme stress on many plants and animals. Beneficial interactions with microorganisms may be crucial for ameliorating these stressors and facilitating the ecosystem services host organisms provide. Foliar endophytes, microorganisms that reside within leaves, are found in essentially all plants and can provide important benefits (e.

Hop-family Helicobacter outer membrane adhesins form a novel class of Type 5-like secretion proteins with an interrupted β-barrel domain.

The human stomach pathogen Helicobacter pyloriattaches to healthy and inflamed gastric tissue through members of a paralogous family of 'Helicobacter outer membrane proteins' (Hops), including adhesins BabA, SabA, HopQ, LabA and HopZ. Hops share a conserved 25 kDa C-terminal region that is thought to form an autotransporter-like transmembrane domain. Instead, our results show that Hops contain a non-continuous transmembrane domain, composed of seven predicted β-strands at the C-terminus and one at the N-terminus.

Computed tomography pulmonary angiography is overused to diagnose pulmonary embolism in the emergency department of academic community hospital.

: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a common disease in the USA responsible for up to 10% of hospital mortality. Modified wells score (MWS) and D-dimer assay are used to categorize patients into high or low probability of PE. Patient with high probability need Computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA), while patients with low probability and low D-dimer can safely forgo the CTPA.

Laparoscopic esophageal myotomy versus pneumatic dilation in the treatment of idiopathic achalasia: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Achalasia is a primary esophageal motility disorder of unknown etiology associated with abnormalities in peristalsis and lower esophageal sphincter relaxation. The disease is incurable; however, definitive treatment procedures like pneumatic dilation (PD)/balloon dilation and laparoscopic esophageal myotomy (LEM) are performed to relieve dysphagia and related symptoms. Currently, there is paucity of data comparing the outcomes of these procedures.

Carbon Dioxide versus Air Insufflation in Gastric Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background/aims: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) with air insufflation is commonly used for the staging and treatment of early gastric carcinoma. However, carbon dioxide (CO) use has been shown to cause less post-procedural pain and fewer adverse events. The objective of this study was to compare the post-procedural pain and adverse events associated with CO and air insufflation in ESD.

Primary Idiopathic Osteoarthropathy: Could It Be Related to Alcoholism?

. Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (HOA) is a syndrome characterized by abnormal proliferation of the skin and bony structures at the distal extremities resulting in digital clubbing, periosteal bony reaction, and joint effusion. It can be primary (idiopathic) without any clear identifiable etiology as well as secondary to variety of systemic diseases most notably lung pathology.

Drug-eluting stent placement versus coronary artery bypass surgery for unprotected left main coronary artery disease: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is the standard of care for treating left main coronary lesions. However, recently published randomized controlled trials (RCT) have shown conflicting results. We sought to compare clinical outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stent placement to CABG using a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Impact of cyclosporine A use in the prevention of reperfusion injury in acute myocardial infarction: A meta-analysis.

Background: Reperfusion injury is an important limiting factor associated with revascularization in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Various therapies have been tried in an attempt to prevent reperfusion injury, but the search has been elusive. The role of cyclosporine A (CsA) in the prevention of reperfusion injury in AMI is still not clear.

Structural Insights into Polymorphic ABO Glycan Binding by Helicobacter pylori.

The Helicobacter pylori adhesin BabA binds mucosal ABO/Le(b) blood group (bg) carbohydrates. BabA facilitates bacterial attachment to gastric surfaces, increasing strain virulence and forming a recognized risk factor for peptic ulcers and gastric cancer. High sequence variation causes BabA functional diversity, but the underlying structural-molecular determinants are unknown.

Expression, purification and X-ray crystallographic analysis of the Helicobacter pylori blood group antigen-binding adhesin BabA.

Helicobacter pylori is a human pathogen that colonizes about 50% of the world's population, causing chronic gastritis, duodenal ulcers and even gastric cancer. A steady emergence of multiple antibiotic resistant strains poses an important public health threat and there is an urgent requirement for alternative therapeutics. The blood group antigen-binding adhesin BabA mediates the intimate attachment to the host mucosa and forms a major candidate for novel vaccine and drug development.