Thermal conductivity of high latitude lunar regolith measured by Chandra's Surface Thermophysical Experiment (ChaSTE) onboard Chandrayaan 3 lander.

The thermal conductivity of the lunar regolith is an essential parameter in studying the thermal behavior of the Moon and in planning future lunar exploration. The Chandra's Surface Thermophysical Experiment (ChaSTE) aboard Vikram lander of the Indian Moon mission Chandrayaan 3 made the first in situ measurement of thermal conductivity of lunar regolith at southern high latitude using a thermal probe with ten temperature sensors at uneven intervals within 10 cm and a foil-type heater wound around the probe close to the nose tip. The ChaSTE thermal probe was inserted into the lunar regolith by a controlled motorized penetration in 29 hours.

Seaweed-based PPO inhibitors as a new frontier in biological weed control for sorghum cultivation: from ocean to field.

Weed management, particularly of broad-leaf species, poses a significant challenge in sorghum production, potentially causing up to 70.9% yield loss. Conventionally, herbicides are the site-specific weed inhibitors often used to suppress the growth of these weeds.

Advances in Implant Surface Technology: A Biological Perspective.

The present review provides comprehensive information about recent developments in surface modification techniques directed to enhance osseointegration. Through an in-depth analysis of key molecular pathways and regulatory factors involved in bone biology, including sclerostin, Wnt signaling, bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), the review explores how these advancements contribute to promoting osteogenesis, bone healing, and implant stability. By synthesizing findings from preclinical and clinical studies, the manuscript elucidates the potential of surface modification technologies to address challenges in implant dentistry, offering valuable insights for researchers, clinicians, and industry professionals striving to optimize implant success rates and patient outcomes.

Evaluation of mucosal adjuvants to chitosan-nanoparticle-based oral subunit vaccine for controlling salmonellosis in broilers.

Salmonellosis, a gastrointestinal disease, continues to be one of the major public health concerns worldwide. Poultry meat and eggs are recognized as the major source of food poisoning in humans. Our study evaluated the protective efficacy of mannose-conjugated chitosan-nanoparticle (mChitosan-NP)-based subunit vaccine, consisting of immunogenic outer membrane proteins and flagella of Enteritidis [mChitosan (OMP+FLA)/FLA-NP], coadministered orally with potent mucosal adjuvants to reduce the colonization of Enteritidis in the intestines of broiler chickens.

Diagnosis of Thyroid Nodule Malignancy Using Peritumoral Region and Artificial Intelligence: Results of Hand-Crafted, Deep Radiomics Features and Radiologists' Assessment in Multicenter Cohorts.

Objective: To develop, test, and externally validate a hybrid artificial intelligence (AI) model based on hand-crafted and deep radiomics features extracted from B-mode ultrasound images in differentiating benign and malignant thyroid nodules compared to senior and junior radiologists.

Methods: A total of 1602 thyroid nodules from four centers across two countries (Iran and Malaysia) were included for the development and validation of AI models. From each original and expanded contour, which included the peritumoral region, 2060 handcrafted and 1024 deep radiomics features were extracted to assess the effectiveness of the peritumoral region in the AI diagnosis profile.

A non-enzymatic highly stable electrochemical sensing platform based on allylamine capped copper nanoparticles for the detection of the soil nitrate content.

Nitrate (NO) ion contamination of water is a major issue that affects many parts of the world due to excessive usage of nitrogen containing fertilizers in the soil. Hence, quantification of NO ions in the soil is of utmost importance. In the present research work, we have developed an efficient and highly stable non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor for NO ion detection based on allylamine capped copper nanoparticles (Alym@CuNPs) decorated on exfoliated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (Exf-CNTs).

Solar cheilosis: a comprehensive narrative review.

Solar cheilosis is a premalignant disease of the lip, typically presenting on the lower lip as a precursor to in situ squamous cell carcinoma. It is primarily caused by chronic exposure to sunlight and predominantly affects individuals with lighter skin pigmentation. This review explores solar cheilosis while providing an update on its epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, disease course, and other recent advancements.

Collaborating for Impact: Navigating Partnerships and Overcoming Challenges across the Sustainable Development Goals.

We illustrate the importance of early career perspectives and diverse partnerships to develop solutions and overcome key challenges to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals.

Exploring Machine Learning Classification of Movement Phases in Hemiparetic Stroke Patients: A Controlled EEG-tDCS Study.

Background/objectives: Noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) can boost motor recovery after a stroke. Certain movement phases are more responsive to NIBS, so a system that auto-detects these phases would optimize stimulation timing. This study assessed the effectiveness of various machine learning models in identifying movement phases in hemiparetic individuals undergoing simultaneous NIBS and EEG recordings.

Overground robotic exoskeleton vs conventional therapy in inpatient stroke rehabilitation: results from a pragmatic, multicentre implementation programme.

Background: Despite the reported efficacy of overground robotic exoskeleton (ORE) for rehabilitation of mobility post-stroke, its effectiveness in real-world practice is still debated. We analysed prospectively collected data from Improving Mobility Via Exoskeleton (IMOVE), a multicentre clinical implementation programme of ORE enrolling participants with various neurological conditions and were given options to choose between 12 sessions of ORE or conventional therapy (control).

Methods: This is analysis of participants under IMOVE who fulfilled the following criteria (i) primary diagnosis was stroke (ischemic, hemorrhagic; first or recurrent), (ii) onset of stroke was within 9 months and (iii) the intervention was during inpatient stay.

Concurrent myelomeningocele and sagittal craniosynostosis: illustrative case.

Background: Myelomeningocele and sagittal craniosynostosis are 2 neurosurgical pathologies with complications such as increased intracranial pressure (ICP) and hydrocephalus. While the 2 defects commonly occur independently, their simultaneous occurrence is exceptionally rare.

Observations: The authors report the case of a newborn male diagnosed with a simultaneous myelomeningocele and sagittal craniosynostosis.

Decadal Trends and Associated Factors of Colorectal Cancer in Kerala Between 2010 and 2021 Among Patients in a Tertiary Hospital-Based Cancer Registry.

Introduction The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) has notably risen on a global scale, owing to modifications in lifestyle patterns and the overconsumption of processed food to meet nutritional requirements. Colorectal cancer is among the most common cancers in India, with a significant number of new cases reported annually. The aim of our study is to examine the trends and association of CRC in Kerala between the years 2010-2021 among patients reporting at a tertiary Hospital-Based Cancer Registry (HBCR) in Ernakulam.

Autologous Fascia Nerve Wrap in a Rodent Primary Epineurial Repair Model and Preliminary Case Series.

Background: Nerve wraps composed of various autologous and bioengineered materials have been used to bolster nerve repair sites. In this study, we describe the novel use of autologous fascia nerve wraps (AFNW) as an adjunct to epineurial repair and evaluate their effect on inflammatory cytokine expression, intraneural collagen deposition and end-organ reinnervation in rats and use of AFNW in a patient case series.

Methods: Lewis rats received sciatic transection with repair either with or without AFNW, sciatic-to-common peroneal nerve transfer with or without AFNW, or sham surgery (n=14/group).

Retraction notice to "Modified poly(vinylidene fluoride) nanomembranes for dye removal from water - A review" [Chemosphere 322 (2023) 138152].

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/policies/article-withdrawal).

Retraction notice to "Recent advancements of spinel ferrite based binary nanocomposite photocatalysts in wastewater treatment"[Chemosphere 274 (2021) 129734].

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/policies/article-withdrawal).

Risk factors for mortality after 3-column osteotomy.

Purpose: Three-column osteotomies (3COs), such as pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO) and vertebral column resection (VCR), are used to surgically correct rigid adult spinal deformity (ASD). While extensive research exists about complications associated with 3COs, there remains a paucity of studies analyzing risk factors for mortality following 3CO. We believe the mortality rate after 3-column osteotomy will be low with specific identifiable demographic or medical risk factors.

Quality, Reliability, and Readability of Peripheral Nerve Intervention Websites for Patients.

Background: This study aims to evaluate the readability, quality, and reliability of online resources about peripheral nerve surgeries to determine if they meet recommended literacy standards.

Methods: We analyzed a total of 137 peripheral nerve surgery website by performing a Google search using the search terms "nerve transfer," "nerve repair," "nerve graft," "nerve decompression," "neurolysis," "targeted muscle reinnervation," "regenerative peripheral nerve interface," and "vascularized denervated muscle target." The reading level of the website text was assessed using Simple Measures of Gobbledygook, Flesch-Kincaid, and Gunning Fog.

Neoantigen DNA vaccines are safe, feasible, and induce neoantigen-specific immune responses in triple-negative breast cancer patients.

Background: Neoantigen vaccines can induce or enhance highly specific antitumor immune responses with minimal risk of autoimmunity. We have developed a neoantigen DNA vaccine platform capable of efficiently presenting both HLA class I and II epitopes and performed a phase 1 clinical trial in triple-negative breast cancer patients with persistent disease on surgical pathology following neoadjuvant chemotherapy, a patient population at high risk of disease recurrence.

Methods: Expressed somatic mutations were identified by tumor/normal exome sequencing and tumor RNA sequencing.

Computed Tomography of the Head Before Lumbar Puncture in Adults With Suspected Meningitis in High-HIV Prevalence Settings.

Background: The role of computed tomography (CT) before lumbar puncture (LP) is unclear, with limited evidence for a causal link between LP and cerebral herniation or for the ability of CT to identify individuals at risk of herniation. The risks of LP delay or deferral are potentially greater in high-HIV prevalence, resource-limited settings; we analyzed data from such a setting to determine the impact of CT on time to LP and treatment, as well as mortality.

Methods: Adults with suspected central nervous system (CNS) infection were enrolled prospectively into the Botswana National Meningitis Survey between 2016 and 2019.

Narrow Internal Auditory Canal With Duplication in a Patient With Sensorineural Hearing Loss and Facial Palsy: A Case Report.

A narrow internal auditory canal with duplication is a rare congenital disorder of temporal bone. High-resolution CT of the temporal bone is a preferred modality for assessing the bony framework of the temporal bone and inner and middle ear structures and is thus commonly used. Of late, due to rapid advancement in technology, MRI can assess the neural structures, including the vestibulocochlear and facial nerves.

Dopaminergic neuronal regulation determines innate immunity of Caenorhabditis elegans during Klebsiella aerogenes infection.

The innate immune signals are the front line of host defense against bacterial pathogens. Pathogen-induced harmful effects, such as reduced neuronal signals to the intestine, affect the host's food sensing and dwelling behavior. Here, we report that dopamine and kpc-1 signals control the intestinal innate immune responses through the p38/PMK-1 MAPK signaling pathway in C.