Formation of Apoplastic Barriers to Radial O₂ Loss in Rice Roots: Effects of Low-O₂ and High-Fe Conditions, and the Roles of Suberin, Glycerol Esters, and Iron Plaques.

Lack of O and high concentrations of iron (Fe) are common in flooded soils where Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is cultivated. We tested the hypothesis that growing in stagnant or high Fe conditions might induce the formation of apoplastic barriers in roots with different properties and chemical compositions.

Giant Angiomyofibroblastoma With a Florid Lipomatous Component: A Report and Review of Diagnostic Considerations.

Angiomyofibroblastoma is a benign, usually small neoplasm typically constituted by spindle-shaped and epithelioid cells in a vascularized, myxoid-fibrous stromal background. It is most often seen in the superficial genitalia of female patients of reproductive age. However, various clinical and histologic features have been reported, including tumors in male patients, malignant transformation, extragenital sites, huge sizes, and a prominent lipomatous pattern.

Identification of molecular and cellular infection response biomarkers associated with anthrax infection through comparative analysis of gene expression data.

Bacillus anthracis, a gram-positive bacillus capable of forming spores, causes anthrax in mammals, including humans, and is recognized as a potential biological weapon agent. The diagnosis of anthrax is challenging due to variable symptoms resulting from exposure and infection severity. Despite the availability of a licensed vaccines, their limited long-term efficacy underscores the inadequacy of current human anthrax vaccines, highlighting the urgent need for next-generation alternatives.

Enhanced CO Coordinates the Spatial Recruitment of Diazotrophs in Rice Via Root Development.

Understanding the reciprocal interaction between root development and coadapted beneficial microbes in response to elevated CO (eCO) will facilitate the identification of nutrient-efficient cultivars for sustainable agriculture. Here, systematic morphological, anatomical, chemical and gene expression assays performed under low-nitrogen conditions revealed that eCO drove the development of the endodermal barrier with respect to L-/S-shaped lateral roots (LRs) in rice. Next, we applied metabolome and endodermal-cell-specific RNA sequencing and showed that rice adapts to eCO by spatially recruiting diazotrophs via flavonoid secretion in L-shaped LRs.

Single-cell transcriptomics reveal diverging pathobiology and opportunities for precision targeting in scleroderma-associated versus idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Introduction: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) involves progressive cellular and molecular change within the pulmonary vasculature, leading to increased vascular resistance. Current therapies targeting nitric oxide (NO), endothelin, and prostacyclin pathways yield variable treatment responses. Patients with systemic sclerosis-associated PAH (SSc-PAH) often experience worse outcomes than those with idiopathic PAH (IPAH).

Design and performance evaluation of a multi-load and multi-source DC-DC converter for efficient electric vehicle power systems.

This paper introduces the design and comprehensive performance evaluation of a novel Multi-Load and Multi-Source DC-DC converter tailored for electric vehicle (EV) power systems. The proposed converter integrates a primary battery power source with a secondary renewable energy source-specifically, solar energy-to enhance overall energy efficiency and reliability in EV applications. Unlike conventional multi-port converters that often suffer from cross-regulation issues and limited scalability, this converter ensures stable power distribution to various EV subsystems, including the motor, air conditioning unit, audio systems, and lighting.

Dynamic evolution of peste des petits ruminants virus in sheep and goat hosts across India reveals the swift surge of F gene.

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR), an acute febrile viral disease impacting goats and sheep flocks, manifests with pyrexia, mucopurulent nasal and ocular discharges, necrotizing and erosive stomatitis, pneumonia, and enteritis. The disease-instigating agent, PPR virus, pertains to the genus in the family. The endemic presence of PPR in India results in notable economic losses due to heightened mortality and morbidity in infected animals.

BRIDGING THE GAP - EARLY COMMUNITY OUTREACH AS AN INITIATIVE TO INCREASE REPRESENTATION IN RADIOLOGY.

Rationale And Objectives: Underrepresentation of minorities is a worsening issue in the field of radiology. Early educational interventions are a promising approach to mitigating this disparity. We present an approach for a radiology department to increase community outreach via establishment of an educational program for local public high school students and building a mentorship pipeline for radiology education.

Total extra-peritoneal approach to radical cystectomy with ureterostomy: A novel technique for the elderly and frail.

Objectives: Radical cystectomy with urinary diversion is the gold standard treatment for bladder cancer (high-risk/muscle invasive). The transperitoneal approach is associated with significant gastrointestinal complications like ileus. In the elderly and frail with a single functional kidney, we describe an extraperitoneal technique of radical cystectomy, with a ureterostomy, to be performed without general anesthesia.

Design and implementation of a universal converter for microgrid applications using approximate dynamic programming and artificial neural networks.

This paper introduces a novel design for a universal DC-DC and DC-AC converter tailored for DC/AC microgrid applications using Approximate Dynamic Programming and Artificial Neural Networks (ADP-ANN). The proposed converter is engineered to operate efficiently with both low-power battery and single-phase AC supply, utilizing identical side terminals and switches for both chopper and inverter configurations. This innovation reduces component redundancy and enhances operational versatility.

Studying the Pulmonary Endothelium in Health and Disease: An Official American Thoracic Society Workshop Report.

Lung endothelium resides at the interface between the circulation and the underlying tissue, where it senses biochemical and mechanical properties of both the blood as it flows through the vascular circuit and the vessel wall. The endothelium performs the bidirectional signaling between the blood and tissue compartments that is necessary to maintain homeostasis while physically separating both, facilitating a tightly regulated exchange of water, solutes, cells, and signals. Disruption in endothelial function contributes to vascular disease, which can manifest in discrete vascular locations along the artery-to-capillary-to-vein axis.

Aquaporin 1 confers apoptosis resistance in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells from the SU5416 hypoxia rat model.

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) arises from increased pulmonary vascular resistance due to contraction and remodeling of the pulmonary arteries. The structural changes include thickening of the smooth muscle layer from increased proliferation and resistance to apoptosis. The mechanisms underlying apoptosis resistance in PH are not fully understood.

Transmission patterns of malignant catarrhal fever in sheep and cattle in Karnataka, India.

Malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) presents a sporadic yet significant threat to livestock and wildlife. A comprehensive investigation in Karnataka, India into the prevalence and transmission patterns of sheep-associated MCF (SA-MCF) was conducted. A total of 507 sheep peripheral blood leukocyte samples from 13 districts along with 27 cows and 10 buffalo samples from various regions in Karnataka were tested for SA-MCF infection i.

Effects of water stress on apoplastic barrier formation in soil grown roots differ from hydroponically grown roots: Histochemical, biochemical and molecular evidence.

In root research, hydroponic plant cultivation is commonly used and soil experiments are rare. We investigated the response of 12-day-old barley roots, cultivated in soil-filled rhizotrons, to different soil water potentials (SWP) comparing a modern cultivar (cv. Scarlett) with a wild accession ICB181243 from Pakistan.

A high-efficiency poly-input boost DC-DC converter for energy storage and electric vehicle applications.

This research paper introduces an avant-garde poly-input DC-DC converter (PIDC) meticulously engineered for cutting-edge energy storage and electric vehicle (EV) applications. The pioneering converter synergizes two primary power sources-solar energy and fuel cells-with an auxiliary backup source, an energy storage device battery (ESDB). The PIDC showcases a remarkable enhancement in conversion efficiency, achieving up to 96% compared to the conventional 85-90% efficiency of traditional converters.

Antibiotic use and class absenteeism in children with influenza-like-illness in an emergency department.

Background: Children with influenza-like-illness (ILI) often require clinician clearance or antibiotics to return to child care or school. Study objectives were to examine the association between antibiotic receipt during an Emergency Department (ED) visit for ILI and the outcomes of class absenteeism and illness duration.

Methods: A secondary analysis of 251 children aged 2 months to 12 years with uncomplicated ILI discharged from the ED from December 1, 2018 to November 30, 2019 was conducted.

Optically printed plasmonic fiber tip-assisted SERS-based chemical sensing and single biological cell studies.

Background: Precise localized printing of plasmonic nanoparticles at desired locations can find a plethora of applications in diverse areas, including nanophotonics, nanomedicine, and microelectronics. The focused laser beam-assisted optical printing technique has illustrated its potential for the localized printing of differently shaped plasmonic particles. However, the technique is either time-consuming or often requires focused optical radiation, limiting its practical applications.

Isolated Lateral Plating for Bicondylar Tibial Plateau Fractures: Factors Influencing Decision Making.

Lateral plating alone has been postulated as an alternative for fixation of bicondylar tibial plateau fractures in attempts to limit morbidity associated with dual plating. Characterization of fracture patterns that may facilitate lateral plating alone for bicondylar tibial plateau fractures is not well established. The authors analyzed radiographic and clinical outcomes of isolated lateral plating in patients with at least 6 months of follow-up.