The Role of Ocimene in Decreasing α-Synuclein Aggregation using Rotenone-induced Rat Model.

Background: Parkinson's disease is defined by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain of substantia nigra associated with Lewy bodies. The precise mechanism is not yet entirely understood.

Objective: The study aims to determine whether ocimene has antiparkinsonian activity by reducing α-Synuclein aggregation levels in the brains of rotenone-induced rat models.

Predatory synapsid ecomorphology signals growing dynamism of late Palaeozoic terrestrial ecosystems.

Terrestrial ecosystems evolved substantially through the Palaeozoic, especially the Permian, gaining much new complexity, especially among predators. Key among these predators were non-mammalian synapsids. Predator ecomorphology reflect interactions with prey and competitors, which are key controls on carnivore diversity and ecology.

Locomotion and the early Mesozoic success of Archosauromorpha.

The Triassic was a time of ecological upheaval as life recovered from the Permian-Triassic mass extinction. Archosauromorphs were a key component of the recovery, diversifying substantially during the Triassic and encompassing the origins of dinosaurs, pterosaurs and crocodylomorphs. Here, we explore the evolution of locomotion in Archosauromorpha to test whether dinosaurs show any distinctive locomotory features that might explain their success.

A Carboniferous synapsid with caniniform teeth and a reappraisal of mandibular size-shape heterodonty in the origin of mammals.

Heterodonty is a hallmark of early mammal evolution that originated among the non-mammalian therapsids by the Middle Permian. Nonetheless, the early evolution of heterodonty in basal synapsids is poorly understood, especially in the mandibular dentition. Here, we describe a new synapsid, gen.

Niche partitioning shaped herbivore macroevolution through the early Mesozoic.

The Triassic (252-201 Ma) marks a major punctuation in Earth history, when ecosystems rebuilt themselves following the devastating Permian-Triassic mass extinction. Herbivory evolved independently several times as ecosystems comprising diverse assemblages of therapsids, parareptiles and archosauromorphs rose and fell, leading to a world dominated by dinosaurs. It was assumed that dinosaurs prevailed either through long-term competitive replacement of the incumbent clades or rapidly and opportunistically following one or more extinction events.